2023-03-29 18:10:57 by ambuda-bot
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GLOSSARY
275
vişama
vişama (I), 'dissimilar': (1) a figure wherein the relationship between
two things, which may exist either in fact or in the mind of the speaker,
is considered incongruous. (2) R 7.47-50, M 194. (3) rūpam kva
madhuram etat kva cêdam asyāḥ sudaruṇam vyasanam । iti cintayanti
pathikās tava vairivadhüm vane drstva (Rudrata; flattery of the
victorious warrior: "How can such beauty exist in such sinful and
harsh condition? Thus do the travellers wonder who see in the
forests the wives of your vanquished enemies"). (4) "Did He smile
His work to see? / Did He who made the lamb make thee?" (William
Blake; a tiger is referred to). (5) The relation under consideration
may not in fact exist, as: "He had the passion of Romeo in the body
of Sir Toby Belch" (Somerset Maugham); the incongruity is given
figurative force.
vişama (II): (1) a figure in which the causal process is described as
functioning in an incongruous way: either an outclassed cause
accomplishes its effect, or a potent cause somehow fails to accomplish
its effect. (2) R 7.51 (52-53). (3) tvadbhṛtyavayavan api sodhum
samare kşamā na te kṣudrāḥ । asidhārāpathapatitaṇ tvam tu nihanyā
mahêndram api (Rudrața: "Your vile enemies can't withstand even
the little fingers of your dependents in battle; and you, O King,
would slay even Indra should he fall beneath your sword!"). (4) "Ah,
how can those fair Eyes endure / To give the wounds they will
not cure!" (John Dryden). (5) This figure resembles the two types
of višeşôkti, but, unlike them, does not repose upon the idea of
deficiency. In višeşôkti, a cause must be specifically unable to
produce that effect; here no judgment is implied beyond the mere
improbability of the event.
vişama (III): (1) a figure in which a cause is described as producing the
contrary effect of the one desired. (2) R 7.54 (55), M 194. (3)
utkanthā paritāpo raṇaraṇakam jāgaras tanos tanută । phalam idam
aho mayâptam sukhāya mṛgalocanăm dṛṣṭvā (Rudrata: "Longing,
sorrow, and regret, wakefulness and loss of weight-this is the result
I have gained when I sought her out for pleasure"). (4) "But thence
I learn, and find the lesson true, / Drugs poison him that so fell sick
of you" (Shakespeare; drugs only aggravate the sickness of love).
(5) Cf. višeşa III and abhäva hetu.
vişama (IV): (1) a figure in which a cause and its effect are described as
possessing incompatible qualities. (2) M 194. (3) sadyaḥ karasparsam
avāpya citram rane rane yasya kṛpāṇalekhā । tamalanīlā śaradindu-
275
vişama
vişama (I), 'dissimilar': (1) a figure wherein the relationship between
two things, which may exist either in fact or in the mind of the speaker,
is considered incongruous. (2) R 7.47-50, M 194. (3) rūpam kva
madhuram etat kva cêdam asyāḥ sudaruṇam vyasanam । iti cintayanti
pathikās tava vairivadhüm vane drstva (Rudrata; flattery of the
victorious warrior: "How can such beauty exist in such sinful and
harsh condition? Thus do the travellers wonder who see in the
forests the wives of your vanquished enemies"). (4) "Did He smile
His work to see? / Did He who made the lamb make thee?" (William
Blake; a tiger is referred to). (5) The relation under consideration
may not in fact exist, as: "He had the passion of Romeo in the body
of Sir Toby Belch" (Somerset Maugham); the incongruity is given
figurative force.
vişama (II): (1) a figure in which the causal process is described as
functioning in an incongruous way: either an outclassed cause
accomplishes its effect, or a potent cause somehow fails to accomplish
its effect. (2) R 7.51 (52-53). (3) tvadbhṛtyavayavan api sodhum
samare kşamā na te kṣudrāḥ । asidhārāpathapatitaṇ tvam tu nihanyā
mahêndram api (Rudrața: "Your vile enemies can't withstand even
the little fingers of your dependents in battle; and you, O King,
would slay even Indra should he fall beneath your sword!"). (4) "Ah,
how can those fair Eyes endure / To give the wounds they will
not cure!" (John Dryden). (5) This figure resembles the two types
of višeşôkti, but, unlike them, does not repose upon the idea of
deficiency. In višeşôkti, a cause must be specifically unable to
produce that effect; here no judgment is implied beyond the mere
improbability of the event.
vişama (III): (1) a figure in which a cause is described as producing the
contrary effect of the one desired. (2) R 7.54 (55), M 194. (3)
utkanthā paritāpo raṇaraṇakam jāgaras tanos tanută । phalam idam
aho mayâptam sukhāya mṛgalocanăm dṛṣṭvā (Rudrata: "Longing,
sorrow, and regret, wakefulness and loss of weight-this is the result
I have gained when I sought her out for pleasure"). (4) "But thence
I learn, and find the lesson true, / Drugs poison him that so fell sick
of you" (Shakespeare; drugs only aggravate the sickness of love).
(5) Cf. višeşa III and abhäva hetu.
vişama (IV): (1) a figure in which a cause and its effect are described as
possessing incompatible qualities. (2) M 194. (3) sadyaḥ karasparsam
avāpya citram rane rane yasya kṛpāṇalekhā । tamalanīlā śaradindu-