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Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

  • भू cl. 1. P. (Dhātup. i, 1) भ/वति (rarely Ā. °ते; pf. बभू/व, 2. pers. °ऊ/थ or °ऊविथ cf. Pāṇ. vii, 2, 64; बभूयास्, °या/र्, बभूतु, RV.; Ā. बभूवे or बुभूवे, Vop.; cf. below; aor. अ/भूत्, °ऊवन्; Impv. बोधि/ [cf. √ बुध्], भूतु, RV.; aor. or impf. अ/भुवत्, भु/वत्, भुवानि, ib.; Prec. भूयासम्, 2. 3. sg. °यास्, ib. ; भूयात्, AV.; भूयिष्ठास्, BhP.; भविषात् [?] AitBr.; अभविष्ट, भविषीष्त. Gr.; fut. भविष्य/ति, ep. also °ते and 2. pl. °ष्यध्वम्; भविता, Br. &c.; inf. भुवे/, -भ्वे/, भूष/णि, RV.; भवितुम्, °तोस्, Br.; ind.p. भूत्वा/; भूत्वी/, RV.; -भू/य, RV. &c.; -भू/यम्, -भ/वम्, Br.),
    to become, be (with nom., or adv. or indecl. words ending in ई or ऊ cf. कृष्णी-√ भू &c.), arise, come into being, exist, be found, live, stay, abide, happen, occur, RV. &c. &c. (often used with participles and other verbal nouns to make periphrastical verbal forms; with a fut. p. = to be going or about to e.g. अनुवक्ष्यन् भवति, he is going to recite, ŚBr.; the fut. of √ भू with a pf. p. = a fut. pf. e.g. कृतवान् भविष्यसि, you will have done, MBh.; the pf. P. बभूव after the syllable आम् is put for the pf. of verbs of the 10th class &c. [cf. √ अस् and √ कृ]; the Ā. appears in this meaning, Śiś. ix, 84; Kum. xiv. 46; observe also भवति with a fut. tense, it is possible that, e.g. भवति भवान् याजयिष्यति, it is possible that you will cause a sacrifice to be performed, Pāṇ. iii, 3, 146 Sch.; भवेत्, may be, granted, admitted, Kāś. on Pāṇ. iii, 2, 114; भवतु id., well, good, enough of this, Kāv.; Hit.; इतिचेद् भवेत्, if this question should be asked, Mn. x, 66; क्व तद् भवति, what is to become of this, it is quite useless, TBr.; with न = to cease to exist, perish, die, MBh.; Kāv. &c.; with इह न, not to be born on earth, MBh.; with शत-धा, to fall into a hundred pieces, MBh.; with दूरतः, to keep aloof, ŚārṅgP.; with मनसि or चेतसि and gen., to occur to the mind of any one, Kād.; id. with gen. alone, Lalit.);
    to fall to the share or become the property of, belong to (cf. ‘esse alicujus’; with gen., rarely dat. or loc. accord. to Vop. also with परि or प्रति and preceding acc.), RV. &c. &c.;
    to be on the side of, assist (with gen. or -तस्), MBh. 1301 (cf. Pāṇ. v, 4, 48 Sch.);
    to serve for, tend or conduce to (with dat. of thing), RV. &c. &c. (with फलाय. to bear fruit, Kām.);
    to be occupied with or engaged in, devote one's self to (with loc.), MBh.; Kāv.;
    to thrive or prosper in (instr.), turn out well, succeed, RV.; TS.; Br.;
    to be of consequence or useful, Mn. iii, 181;
    (also Ā. Dhātup. xxxiv, 37) to fall, or get into, attain to, obtain, Br.; MBh.;
    (with इद/म्) to obtain it i.e. be successful or fortunate, TS. :
    Pass. भूयते (or °ति, Up.; aor. अभावि) sometimes used impers. e.g. यैर् भविष्यते, by whom it will be existed i.e. who will be, Rājat. :
    Caus. भावयति (rarely °ते; aor. अबीभवत् Gr.; inf. भावितुम्, R.; Pass. भाव्यते &c., MBh.),
    to cause to be or become, call into existence or life, originate, produce, cause, create, Pur.; Sāh.;
    to cherish, foster, animate, enliven, refresh, encourage, promote, further, AitUp.; MBh. &c.;
    to addict or devote one's self to, practise (acc.), MBh.; HYog.;
    to subdue, control, R.;
    (also Ā. Dhātup. xxxiv, 37) to obtain, Jaim. Sch.;
    to manifest, exhibit, show, betray, MBh.; Kām.; Daś.;
    to purify, BhP.;
    to present to the mind, think about, consider, know, recognize as or take for (two acc.), MBh.; Kāv. &c.;
    to mingle, mix, saturate, soak, perfume, Kauś.; Suśr. (cf. भावित, p. 755, col. 1) :
    Desid. of Caus. बिभावयिषति (Pāṇ. vii, 4, 80 Sch.), to wish to cause to be &c., Br. :
    Desid. बु/भूषति (°ते), to wish or strive to become or be, RV. &c. &c.;
    (with क्षिप्रम्), to strive to be quickly possessed, MBh.;
    to want to get on, strive to prosper or succeed, TS.; Br.; MBh.;
    to want to have, care for, strive after, esteem, honour, MBh.; Hariv.;
    to want to take revenge, BhP. : Intens. बो/भवीति, बोभवति, बोभोति, बोभूयते, to be frequently, to be in the habit of BhP.; Bhaṭṭ.;
    to be transformed into (acc.), RV.; AV.;
    (with तिरः), to keep anything (instr.) secret, ŚBr.
  • भू [cf. Zd. bū; Gk. φύω, ἔφυν; Lat. fuit, fuat &c.; Slav. byti; Lith. búti; Germ. bim, bim; Angl.Sax. beó; Eng. be.]
  • भू/ mfn. becoming, being, existing, springing, arising (ifc.; cf. अक्षि-, गिरि-, चित्त-, पद्मभू &c.)
  • भू/ m. N. of Viṣṇu, MBh. xii, 1509 (Nīlak.)
  • of an Ekâha, ŚrS.
  • भू/ f. the act of becoming or arising, Pāṇ. i, 4, 31
  • the place of being, space, world or universe (also pl.), RV.; AV.
  • the earth (as constituting one of the 3 worlds, and therefore a symbolical N. for the number ‘one’), Mn.; MBh. &c.
  • one of the three Vyāhṛtis (See भु/वस्, भूर्, pp. 760 and 763)
  • earth (as a substance), ground, soil, land, landed property, ib.
  • floor, pavement, Megh.
  • a place, spot, piece of ground, RV. &c. &c.
  • the base of any geometrical figure, Āryabh.
  • object, matter (See विवादसंवाद-भू)
  • a term for the letter ल्, RāmatUp.
  • a sacrificial fire, L.
  • (also) a partic. land-measure, Inscr.

Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1890)

  • भू
    I. 1 P. (rarely A.) (भवति, बभूव, अभूत्, भविष्यति, भवितुं, भूत)
    1 To be, become; कथमेवं भवेन्नाम; अस्याः किमभवत् Māl. 9. 29 ‘what has become her fate,’ ‘what has become of her’; U. 3. 27; यद्भावि तद्भवतु U. 3 ‘come what may’; so दुःखितो भवति, हृष्टो भवति &c.
    2 To be born or produced; यदपत्यं भवेदस्यां Ms. 9. 127; भाग्यक्रमेण हि धनानि भवंति यांति Mk. 1. 13.
    3 To spring or proceed from, arise; क्रोधाद्भवति संमोहः Bg. 2. 63, 14. 17.
    4 To happen, take place, occur; नाततायिवधे दोषो हंतुर्भवति कश्चन Ms. 8. 381; यदि संशयो भवेत् &c.
    5 To live, exist; अभूदभूतपूर्वः… राजा चिंतामणिर्नाम Vās.; अभून्नृपो विबुधसखः परंतपः Bk. 1. 1.
    6 To be alive or living, breathe; त्वमिदानीं न भविष्यसि Ś. 6; आः चारुदत्तहतक अयं न भवसि Mk. 4; दुरात्मन् प्रहर नन्वयं न भवसि Māl. 5 (‘thou art a dead man’, thou shalt breathe no longer); Bg. 11. 32.
    7 To remain or be in any state or condition, fare; भवान् स्थले कथं भविष्यति Pt. 2.
    8 To stay, abide; remain, U. 3. 37.
    9 To serve, do; इदं पादोदकं भविष्यति Ś. 1.
    10 To be possible (usually with a future tense in this sense); भवति भवान् याजयिष्यति Sk.
    11 To lead or tend to, conduce to, bring about (with dat.); वाताय कपिला विद्युत्… पीता भवति सस्याय दुर्भिक्षाय सिता भवेत् Mbh.; सुखाय तज्जन्मदिनं बभूव Ku. 1. 23; संस्मृतिर्भव भवत्यभवाय Ki. 18. 27; न तस्या रुचये बभूव R. 6. 44.
    12 To be on the side of, assist; देवा अर्जुनतोऽ भवन्
    13 To belong or pertain to (often expressed by ‘have’); तस्य ह शतं जाया बभूवुः Ait. Br.; Ms. 6. 39.
    14 To be engaged in, be occupied (with loc.); चरणक्षालने कृष्णो ब्राह्मणानां स्वयं ह्यभूत् Mb.
    15 To conduct oneself, behave.
    16 Ved. To be prosperous, succeed. Used with a preceding noun or adjective भू serves to form verbs in the sense of ‘becoming what it previously is not’ or ‘becoming’ in general; श्वेतीभू to become white; कृष्णीभू to become black; पयोधरीभूत ‘becoming or serving the purpose of teats’; so क्षपणीभू to be or become a mendicant; प्रणिधीभू to act the spy; आर्द्रीभू to melt; भस्मीभू to be reduced to ashes; विषयीभू to form the subject of; so एकमतीभू; तरुणीभू &c. &c. Note The senses of भू may be variously modified according to the adverbs with which it is connected; e. g. पुनर्भू to marry again; अ विर्भू to appear, arise, to be evident or clear; see आविस्; तिरोभू to disappear; प्रादुर्भू to arise, be visible, appear; अग्रेभू to be in front, take the lead; अंतर्भू to be absorbed or included; ओजस्यंतर्भवंत्यन्ये K. P. 8; दोषाभू to grow evening or dusk-time; अन्यथा भू to be otherwise, be changed; न मे वचनमन्यथा भवितुमर्हति Ś. 4; पुरो भू to come forward, stand forth; मिथ्या भू to turn out false; वृथा भू to become useless &c. &c.
    — Caus. (भावयति-ते)
    1 To cause to be or become, call into existence, call into being.
    2 To cause, produce, effect.
    3 To manifest, display, exhibit.
    4 To foster, cherish, support, preserve, enliven; पुनः सृजति वर्षाणि भगवान् भावयन्प्रजाः Mb.; देवान् भावयतानेन ते देवा भावयंतु वः । परस्परं भावयंतः श्रेयः परमवाप्स्यथ Bg. 3. 11; Bk. 16. 27.
    5 To think or reflect, consider, fancy, imagine.
    6 To look upon, consider or regard as; अर्थमनर्थं भावय नित्यं Moha M. 2.
    7 To prove, substantiate, establish; Y. 2. 11.
    8 To purify.
    9 To get, obtain.
    10 To mingle or mix.
    11 To change or transform into.
    12 To soak, steep.
    13 To devote or addict oneself to.
    14 To convince.
    15 To perfume, scent.
    — Desid. (बुभूषति) To wish to be or become &c.
    II. 1 U. (भवति-ते) To get, obtain.
    III. 10 A. (भावयते) To obtain, gain.
    IV. 10 U. (भावयति-ते)
    1 To think, reflect.
    2 To mix, mingle.
    3 To be purified (connected with caus. of भू q. v. above).
  • भू a. (At the end of comp.) Being, existing, becoming, springing from, arising or produced from, &c; चित्तभू, आत्मभू, कमलभू, मनोभू &c.
    — m.
    1 An epithet of Viṣṇu.
    2 The sacrificial fire.
  • भूः f. [भू-क्विप्]
    1 The earth (opp. अंतरीक्ष or स्वर्ग); दिवं मरुत्वानिव भोक्ष्यते भुवं R. 3. 4, 18. 4; Me. 18; मत्तेभकुंभदलने भुवि संति शूराः
    2 Earth as one of the nine substances.
    3 The universe, globe.
    4 Ground, floor; प्रासादोपरिभूमयः Mu. 3; मणिभयभुवः (प्रासादाः) Me. 64.
    5 Land, landed property.
    6 A place, site, region, plot of ground; काननभुवि, उपवनभुवि &c.
    7 Matter, subjectmatter.
    8 A symbolical expression for the number ‘one’.
    9 The base of a geometrical figure.
    10 A sacrificial fire.
    11 The act of becoming, arising.
    12 The first of the three Vyāhṛtis or mystic syllables (representing the earth) repeated by every Brāhmaṇa at the commencement of his daily Saṃdhyā.
    Comp.
    — उत्तमं gold.
    — कदंबः a kind of Kadamba tree.
    — कंपः an earthquake.
    — कर्णः the diameter of the earth.
    — कश्यपः an epithet of Vasudeva, Kṛṣṇa's father.
    — काकः
    1 a kind of heron.
    2 the curlew.
    3 a kind of pigeon.
    — केशः the fig-tree.
    — केशा a female demon, demoness.
    — क्षित् m. a hog.
    — गरं a particular poison.
    — गर्भः
    1 N. of Viṣṇu.
    2 an epithet of Bhavabhūti.
    — गृहं, गेहं a cellar, a room underground.
    — गोलः the terrestrial globe; भूगोलमुद्बिभ्रते Gīt. 1. °विद्या geography.
    — घनः the body.
    — चक्रं the equator.
    — चर a. moving or living on land. (
    — रः)
    1 any landanimal (opp. जलवर).
    2 an epithet of Śiva.
    — चर्या, छाया, छायं
    1 earth's shadow (vulgarly called Rāhu).
    2 darkness.
    — जंतुः
    1 a kind of earthworm.
    2 an elephant.
    — जंबुः बूः f. wheat.
    — तलं the surface of the earth.
    — तृणः, भूस्तृणः a kind of fragrant grass
    — दारः a hog.
    — देवः सुरः a Brāhmaṇa.
    — धनः a king.
    — धर a.
    1 holding or supporting the earth; Ku. 3. 13.
    2 dwelling on the earth (
    — रः)
    1 a mountain.
    2 an epithet of Śiva.
    3 of Kṛṣṇa.
    4 the number ‘seven’. °ईश्वरः, °राजः an epithet of the mountain Himālaya. °जः a tree.
    — ध्रः a mountain.
    — नागः a kind of earth-worm.
    — तेतृ m. a sovereign, ruler, king.
    — पः a sovereign, ruler, king.
    — पतिः
    1 a king.
    2 an epithet of Śiva.
    3 of Indra.
    — पदः a tree.
    — पदी a particular kind of jasmine.
    — परिधिः the circumference of the earth.
    — पवित्रं cow dung.
    — पालः
    1 a king, sovereign.
    2 an epithet of king Bhoja.
    — पालनं sovereignty, dominion.
    — पुत्रः, मुतः
    1 the planet Mars.
    2 N. of the demon Naraka, q. v.
    — पुत्री,
    — सुता ‘daughter of the earth’, an epithet of Sītā.
    — प्रकंपः an earthquake.
    — प्रदानं a gift of land.
    — फलः a kind of rat.
    — विंबः बं the terrestrial globe.
    — भर्तृ m. a king, sovereign.
    — भागः a region, place, spot.
    — भुज् m. a king.
    — भृत् m.
    1 a mountain; दाता मे भूभृतां नाथः प्रमाणीक्रियतामिति Ku. 6. 1; R. 17. 78.
    2 a king, sovereign; निष्प्रभश्च रिपुरास भूभृतां R. 11. 81.
    3 an epithet of Viṣṇu.
    — मंडलं
    1 the earth, (terrestrial globe).
    2 the circumference of the earth.
    — रुंडी a kind of sun-flower
    — रुह् m.,
    — रुहः a tree.
    — लता a worm.
    — लोकः (भूर्लोकः)
    1 the terrestrial globe.
    2 the country on the southern part of the equator.
    — वलयं = भूमंडलं q. v.
    — वल्लभः a king, sovereign.
    — वृत्तं the equator.
    — शक्रः ‘Indra on earth’, a king, sovereign.
    — शयः
    1 an epithet of Viṣṇu.
    2 any animal lying on the earth.
    — शय्या lying on the ground.
    — शुद्धिः f. purification of the ground by sweeping &c.
    — श्रवस् m. an anthill.
    — सुरः a Brāhmaṇa.
    — स्पृश् m.
    1 a man.
    2 mankind.
    3 a Vaiśya.
    — स्वर्गः an epithet of the mountain Meru.
    — स्वामिन् m. a landlord.