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Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

कृ Ved. I) cl. 2. P. 2. sg. क/र्षि du. कृथ/स् pl. कृथ/; Ā. 2. sg. कृषे/; impf. 2. and 3. sg. अ/कर्, 3. sg. rarely अ/कत् (ŚBr. iii, xi) ; 3. du. अ/कर्ताम्; pl. अ/कर्म, अ/कर्त (also, BhP. ix), अ/क्रन् (aor., according to, Pāṇ. iv, 2, 80; Kāś.); Ā. अ/क्रि (RV. x, 159, 4 and 174, 4), अ/कृथास् (RV. v, 30, 8), अ/कृत (RV.); अक्राताम् (ŚāṅkhŚr.), अ/क्रत (RV.; AV.) : Impv. कृधि/ (also, MBh. i, 5141 and; BhP. viii), कृत/म्, कृत/; Ā. कृष्व/, कृध्व/म्; Subj. 2. and 3. sg. कर् pl. क/र्म, क/र्त and कर्तन, क्रन्; Ā. 3. sg. कृत (RV. ix, 69, 5), 3. pl. क्र/न्त (RV. i, 141, 3) : Pot. क्रियाम (RV. x, 32, 9); pr. p. P. (nom. pl.) क्र/न्तस् Ā. क्राण/. (II) cl. 1. P. क/रसि, क/रति, क/रथस्, क/रतस्, क/रन्ति; Ā. क/रसे, क/रते, क/रामहे: impf. अ/करम्, अ/करस्, अ/करत् (aor., according to, Pāṇ. iii, 1, 59) : Impv. क/र, क/रतम्, क/रताम्: Subj. क/रम्, क/राणि, क/रस्, क/रत्, क/राम, क/रन्; Ā. करामहै; pr. p. f. क/रन्ती (Naigh.) (III) cl. 5. P. कृणो/मि, °णो/षि, °णो/ति, कृणुथ/स्, कृण्म/स् and कृण्मसि, कृणुथ/, कृण्व/न्ति; Ā. कृण्वे/, कृणुषे/, कृणुते/, 3. du. कृण्वै/ते (RV. vi, 25, 4); pl. कृण्म/हे, कृण्व/ते: impf. अ/कृणोस्, अ/कृणोत्, अ/कृणुतम्, अ/कृणुत and °णोतन (RV. i, 110, 8), अ/कृण्वन्; Ā. 3. sg. अ/कृणुत pl. अ/कृणुध्वम्, अ/कृण्वत: Impv. कृणु/ or कृणुहि/ or कृणुता/त्, कृणो/तु, कृणुत/म्, कृणुता/म्, 2. pl. कृणुत/ or कृणो/त or कृणो/तन, 3. pl. कृण्व/न्तु; Ā. कृणुष्व/, कृणुता/म्, कृण्वा/थाम्, कृणुध्व/म्: Subj. कृण/वस्, °ण/वत् or °ण/वात्, कृण/वाव, °ण/वाम, °ण/वाथ, °ण/वथ, °ण/वन्; Ā. कृण/वै (once °णवा, RV. x, 95, 2), कृणवसे (also, ŚvetUp. ii, 7 v.l. °ण्वसे), कृणवते, कृण/वावहै, कृण/वामहै, 3. pl. कृण/वन्त (RV.) or कृणवन्ते or कृण्वत (RV.) : Pot. Ā. कृण्वीत/; pr. p. P. कृण्व/त् (f. °वती/) Ā. कृण्वाण/. (IV) cl. 8. (this is the usual formation in the Brāhmaṇas; Sūtras, and in classical Sanskṛt) P. करो/मि (ep. कुर्मि, MBh. iii, 10943; R. ii, 12, 33); कुर्व/स्, कुरुथ/स्, कुरुत/स्, कुर्म/स् ([कुल्मस् in an interpolation after, RV. x, 128]), कुरुथ/, कुर्व/न्ति; Ā. कुर्वे/, &c., 3. pl. कुर्व/ते (Pāṇ. vi, 4, 108-110) : impf. अकरवम्, अकरोस्, अकरोत्, अकुर्व, &c.; Ā. 3. sg. अकुरुत pl. अकुर्वत: Impv. कुरु, करोतु (in the earlier language 2. and 3. sg. कुरुतात्, 3. sg. also, BhP. vi, 4, 34), कुरुत or कुरुतन (Nir. iv, 7); Ā. कुरुष्व, कुरुध्वम्, कुर्व/ताम्: Subj. करवाणि, करवस्, °वात्, °वाव or °वावस् (Pāṇ. iii, 4, 98; Kāś.), °वाम or °वामस् (ib.), °वाथ, °वन्; Ā. करवै, कुरुथास्, करवावहै (TUp.; °हे, MBh. iii, 10762), करवैथे, °वैते (Pāṇ. iii, 4, 95, Kāś.), °वामहै (°हे, MBh.; R. i, 18, 12) : Pot. P. कुर्याम् Ā. कुर्वीय (Pāṇ. vi, 4, 109 and 110); pr. p. P. कुर्व/त् (f. °वती/); Ā. कुर्वाण/: perf. P. चका/र, चक/र्थ, चकृव/, चकृम/, चक्र/ (Pāṇ. vii, 2, 13); Ā. चक्रे/, चक्रिरे/; p. चकृवस् (acc. चक्रु/षम्, RV. x, 137, 1); Ā. चक्राण (Vop.) : 2nd fut. करिष्य/ति; Subj. 2. sg. करिष्या/स् (RV. iv, 30, 23); 1st fut. क/र्ता: Prec. क्रियासम्: aor. P. Ved. चकरम् (RV. iv, 42, 6), अचक्रत् (RV. iv, 18, 12), अ/चक्रिरन् (RV. viii, 6, 20); Ā. 1. sg. कृस्के (RV. x, 49, 7); Class. अकार्षीत् (Pāṇ. vii, 2, 1; Kāś.; once अकारषीत्, BhP. i, 10, 1); Pass. aor. reflex. अकारि and अकृत (Pāṇ. iii, 1, 62; Kāś.) : Inf. क/र्तुम्, Ved. क/र्तवे, क/र्तवै/, क/र्तोस् (See ss.vv.); ind.p. कृत्वा/, Ved. कृत्वी/ ([RV.]) and कृत्वा/य ([TS. iv, v]);
to do, make, perform, accomplish, cause, effect, prepare, undertake, RV. &c.;
to do anything for the advantage or injury of another (gen. or loc.), MBh.; R. &c.;
to execute, carry out (as an order or command), ib.;
to manufacture, prepare, work at, elaborate, build, ib.;
to form or construct one thing out of another (abl. or instr.), R. i, 2, 44; Hit. &c.;
to employ, use, make use of (instr.), ŚvetUp.; Mn. x, 91; MBh. &c.;
to compose, describe, R. i;
to cultivate, Yājñ. ii, 158 (cf. Mn. x, 114);
to accomplish any period, bring to completion, spend (e.g. वर्षाणि दश चक्रुः, ‘they spent ten years’ MBh. xv, 6; क्षणं कुरु, ‘wait a moment’ MBh.; cf. कृतक्षण);
to place, put, lay, bring, lead, take hold of (acc. or loc. or instr. e.g. अर्ध/ं-√ कृ, to take to one's own side or party, cause to share in (gen.; See अर्ध/); हस्ते or पाणौ-√ कृ, to take by the hand, marry, Pāṇ. i, 4, 77; हृदयेन-√ कृ, to place in one's heart, love, Mṛcch.; हृदि-√ कृ, to take to heart, mind, think over, consider, Rājat. v, 313; मनसि-√ कृ id., R. ii, 64, 8; Hcar.; to determine, purpose [ind.p. °सि-कृत्वा or °सि-कृत्य] Pāṇ. i, 4, 75; वशे-√ कृ, to place in subjection, become master of Mn. ii, 100);
to direct the thoughts, mind, &c. (म/नस् [RV.; Mn.; MBh. &c.] or बुद्धिम् [Nal. xxvi, 10] or मतिम् [MBh.; R.] or भावम् [ib.], &c.) towards any object, turn the attention to, resolve upon, determine on (loc. dat. inf., or a sentence with इति e.g. मा शोके मनः कृथाः, do not turn your mind to grief, Nal. xiv, 22 ; गमनाय मतिं चक्रे, he resolved upon going, R. i, 9, 55; अलाबुं समुत्स्रष्टुं मनश् चक्रे, he resolved to create a gourd, MBh. iii, 8844; द्रष्टा तवास्मीति मतिं चकार, he determined to see him, MBh. iii, 12335);
to think of (acc.), R. i, 21, 14;
to make, render (with two acc. e.g. आदित्यं काष्ठाम् अकुर्वत, they made the sun their goal, AitBr. iv, 7), RV.; ŚBr. &c.;
to procure for another, bestow, grant (with gen. or loc.), RV.; VS.; ŚBr. &c.;
Ā. to procure for one's self, appropriate, assume, ŚBr.; BṛĀrUp.; Mn. vii, 10 &c.;
to give aid, help any one to get anything (dat.), RV.; VS.;
to make liable to (dat.), RV. iii, 41, 6; ŚBr. iv;
to injure, violate (e.g. कन्यां-√ कृ, to violate a maiden), Mn. viii, 367 and 369;
to appoint, institute, ChUp.; Mn.;
to give an order, commission, Mn.; R. ii, 2, 8;
to cause to get rid of, free from (abl. or -तस्), Pāṇ. v, 4, 49; Kāś.;
to begin (e.g. चक्रे शोभयितुम् पुरीम्, they began to adorn the city), R. ii, 6, 10;
to proceed, act, put in practice, VS.; ŚBr.; AitBr. &c.;
to worship, sacrifice, RV.; ŚBr.; Mn. iii, 210;
to make a sound (स्वरम् or शब्दम्, MBh. iii, 11718; Pāṇ. iv, 4, 34; Hit.), utter, pronounce (often ifc. with the sounds फट्, फुत्, भाण्, व/षट्, स्वधा/, स्वा/हा, हिं), pronounce any formula (Mn. ii, 74 and xi, 33);
(with numeral adverbs ending in धा) to divide, separate or break up into parts (e.g. द्विधा-√ कृ, to divide into two parts, ind.p. द्विधा कृत्वा or द्विधा-कृत्य or -कारम्, Pāṇ. iii, 4, 62; सहस्रधा-√ कृ, to break into a thousand pieces);
(with adverbs ending in वत्) to make like or similar, consider equivalent (e.g. राज्यं तृण-वत् कृत्वा, valuing the kingdom like a straw, Vet.);
(with adverbs ending in सात्) to reduce anything to, cause to become, make subject (See आत्म-सात्, भस्म-सात्), Pāṇ. v, 4, 52 ff. The above senses of √ कृ may be variously modified or almost infinitely extended according to the noun with which this root is connected, as in the following examples: सख्यं-√ कृ, to contract friendship with;
पूजां-√ कृ, to honour;
राज्यं-√ कृ, to reign;
स्नेहं-√ कृ, to show affection;
आज्ञां or निदेशं or शासनं or कामं or याचनां or वचः or वचनं or वाक्यं-√ कृ, to perform any one's command or wish or request &c.;
धर्मं-√ कृ, to do one's duty, Mn. vii, 136;
नखानि-√ कृ, ‘to clean one's nails’ See कृत-नख;
उदकं ([Mn.; Yājñ.; R.; Daś.]) or सलिलं ([R. i, 44, 49]) √ कृ, to offer a libation of water to the dead;
to perform ablutions;
अस्त्राणि-√ कृ, to practise the use of weapons, MBh. iii, 11824;
दर्दुरं-√ कृ, to breathe the flute, Pāṇ. iv, 4, 34;
दण्डं-√ कृ, to inflict punishment &c., Vet.;
कालं-√ कृ, to bring one's time to an end i.e. to die;
चिरं-√ कृ, to be long in doing anything, delay;
मनसा (for °सि See above) √ कृ, to place in one's mind, think of, meditate, MBh.;
शिरसा-√ कृ, to place on the head;
मूर्ध्ना-√ कृ, to place on one's head, obey, honour. Very rarely in Veda (AV. xviii, 2, 27), but commonly in the Brāhmaṇas, Sūtras, and especially in classical Sanskṛt the perf. forms चकार and चक्रे auxiliarily used to form the periphrastical perfect of verbs, especially of causatives e.g. आसां चक्रे, ‘he sat down’;
गमया/ं चकार, ‘he caused to go’ [see, Pāṇ. iii, 1, 40; in Veda some other forms of √ कृ are used in a similar way, viz. pr. करोति, ŚāṅkhŚr.; impf. अकर्, MaitrS. and, Kāṭh.; 3. pl. अक्रन्, MaitrS. and, TBr.; Prec. क्रियात्, MaitrS. (See Pāṇ. iii, 1, 42); according to, Pāṇ. iii, 1, 41, also करोतु with √ विद्].
Caus. कारयति, °ते, to cause to act or do, cause another to perform, have anything made or done by another (double acc., instr. and acc. [see Pāṇ. i, 4, 53], e.g. सभां कारितवान्, he caused an assembly to be made, Hit.; राज-दर्शनं मां कारय, cause me to have an audience of the king; वाणिज्यं कारयेद् वैश्यम्, he ought to cause the Vaiśya to engage in trade, Mn. viii, 410; न शक्ष्यामि किंचित् कारयितुं त्वया, I shall not be able to have anything done by thee, MBh. ii, 6);
to cause to manufacture or form or cultivate, Lāṭy.; Yājñ. ii, 158; MBh. &c.;
to cause to place or put, have anything placed, put upon, &c. (e.g. तं चित्रपटं वास-गृहे भित्ताव् अकारयत्, he had the picture placed on the wall in his house, Kathās. v, 30), Mn. viii, 251. Sometimes the Caus. of √ कृ is used for the simple verb or without a causal signification (e.g. पदं कारयति, he pronounces a word, Pāṇ. i, 3, 71; Kāś. ; मिथ्या क्°, he pronounces wrongly, ib.; कैकेयीम् अनु राजानं कारय, treat or deal with Kaikeyī as the king does, R. ii, 58, 16) :
Desid. चि/कीर्षति (aor. 2. sg. अचिकीर्षीस्, ŚBr. iii), ep. also °ते, to wish to make or do, intend to do, design, intend, begin, strive after, AV. xii, 4, 19; ŚBr.; KātyŚr.; Mn. &c.;
to wish to sacrifice or worship, AV. v, 8, 3 :
Intens. 3. pl. करिक्रति (pr. p. क/रिक्रत् See Naigh. ii, 1 and; Pāṇ. vii, 4, 65),
to do repeatedly, RV.; AV.; TS.; Class. चर्कर्ति or चरिकर्ति or चरीकर्ति ([Pāṇ. vii, 4, 92; Kāś.]), also चर्करीति or चरिकरीति or चरीकरीति or चेक्रीयते ([ib., Sch.; Vop.]);
कृ [cf. Hib. caraim, ‘I perform, execute’; ceard, ‘an art, trade, business, function’; sucridh, ‘easy’; Old Germ. karawan, ‘to prepare’; Mod. Germ. gar, ‘prepared (as food)’; Lat. creo, ceremonia; κραίνω, κρόνος.]
कृ cl. 3. P. p. चक्र/त् (Pot. 2. sg. चक्रियास्; aor. 1. sg. अकार्षम् [AV. vii, 7, 1] or अकारिषम् [RV. iv, 39, 6]),
to make mention of, praise, speak highly of (gen.), RV.; AV. :
Intens. (1. sg. चर्कर्मि, 1. pl. चर्किराम, 3. pl. चर्किरन्; Impv. 2. sg. चर्कृता/त् and चर्कृधि; aor. 3. sg. Ā. च/र्कृषे) id., RV.; AV. (cf. कारु/, कीरि/, कीर्ति/.)
कृ to injure, &c. See √ कॄ.

Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1890)

कृ
I. 5 U. (कृणोति-कृणुते) To hurt, injure, kill.
II. 8 U. (करोति-कुरुते, चकार-चक्रे, अकार्षीत्-अकृत, कर्तुं, करिष्यति-ते, कृत)

1 To do (in general); तात किंकरवाण्यहं.

2 To make; गणिकामवरोधमकरोत् Dk; नृपेण चक्रे युवराजशब्दभाक् R. 3. 35; युवराजः कृतः &c.

3 To manufacture, shape, prepare; कुंभकारो घटं करोति; कटं करोति &c.

4 To build, create; गृहं कुरु; सभां कुरु मदर्थे भोः

5 To produce, cause, engender; रतिमुभयप्रार्थना कुरुते Ś. 2. 1.

6 To form, arrange; अंजलिं करोति; कपोतहस्तकं कृत्वा.

7 To write, compose; चकार सुमनोहरं शास्त्रं Pt. 1.

8 To perform, be engaged in; पूजां करोति.

9 To tell, narrate; इति बहुविधाः कथाः कुर्वन् &c.

10 To carry out, execute, obey; एवं क्रियते युष्मदादेशः Māl. 1; or करिष्यामि वचस्तव or शासनं मे कुरुष्व &c.

11 To bring about, accomplish, effect; सत्संगतिः कथय किं न करोति पुसां Bh. 2. 23.

12 To throw or let out, discharge, emit; मूत्रं कृ to discharge urine, make water; so पुरीषं कृ to void excrement.

13 To assume, put on, take; स्त्रीरूपं कृत्वा; नानारूपाणि कुर्वाणः Y. 3. 162.

14 To send forth, utter; मानुषीं गिरं कृत्वा, कलरवं कृत्वा &c.

15 To place or put on (with loc.); कंठे हारमकरेत् K. 212; पाणिमुरसि कृत्वा &c.

16 To entrust (with some duty), appoint; अध्यक्षान् विविधान्कुर्यात्तत्र तत्र विपश्चितः Ms. 7. 81.

17 To cook (as food) as in कृतान्नं.

18 To think, regard, consider; दृष्टिस्तृणीकृतजगत्त्रयसत्त्वसारा U. 6. 19.

19 To take (as in the hand); कुरु करे गुरुमेकमयोघनं N. 4. 59.

20 To make a sound, as in खात्कृत्य, फूत्कृत्य भुंक्ते; so वषटकृ, स्वाहाकृ &c.

21 To pass, spend (time); वर्षाणि दश चक्रुः spent; क्षणं कुरु wait a moment.

22 To direct towards, turn the attention to, resolve on; (with loc. or dat.); नाधर्मे कुरुते मनः Ms. 12. 118; नगरगमनाय मतिं न करोति Ś. 2.

23 To do a thing for another, either for his advantage or injury; प्राप्ताग्निनिर्वापणगर्वमंबु रत्नांकुरज्योतिषि किं करोति Vikr. 1. 18; यदनेन कृतं मयि, असौ किं मे करिष्यति &c.

24 To use, employ, make use of; किं तया क्रियते धेन्वा Pt. 1.

25 To divide, break into parts (with adverbs ending in धा); द्विधा कृ to divide into two parts; शतधा कृ, सहस्रधा कृ &c.

26 To cause to become subject to, reduce completely to (a particular condition, with adverbs ending in सात्); आत्मसात् कृ to subject or appropriate to oneself; R. 8. 2; भस्मसात् कृ to reduce to ashes.

27 To appropriate, secure for oneself.

28 To help, give aid.

29 To make liable.

30 To violate or outrage (as a girl).

31 To begin.

32 To order.

33 To free from.

34 To proceed with, put in practice.

35 To worship, sacrifice.

36 To make like, consider equal to, cf. तृणीकृ (said to be Atm. only in the last 10 senses). This root is often used with nouns, adjectives, and indeclinables to form verbs from them, somewhat like the English affixes ‘en’ or ‘(i) fy’, in the sense of ‘making a person or thing to be what it previously is not’; e. g. कृष्णीकृ to make that which is not already black, black, i. e. blacken; so श्वेतीकृ to whiten; घनीकृ to solidify; विरलीकृ to rarefy &c. &c. Sometimes these formations take place in other senses also; e. g. क्रोडीकृ ‘to clasp to the bosom’, embrace भस्मीकृ to reduce to ashes; प्रवणीकृ to incline, bend; तृणीकृ to value as little as straw; मंदीकृ to slacken, make slow; so शूलाकृ to roast on the end of pointed lances; सुखाकृ to please; समयाकृ to spend time &c. N. B. This root by itself admits of either Pada; but it is Atm. generally with prepositions in the following senses: (1) doing injury to; (2) censure, blame; (3) serving; (4) outraging, acting violently or rashly; (5) preparing, changing the condition of, turning into; (6) reciting. (7) employing, using; see P. I. 3. 32 and “Student's Guide to Sanskrit Composition” § 338. Note. The root कृ is of the most frequent application in Sanskrit literature, and its senses are variously modified, or almost infinitely extended, according to the noun with which the root is connected; e. g. पदं कृ to set foot (fig. also); आश्रमे पदं करिष्यसि Ś. 4. 19; क्रमेण कृतं मम वपुषि नवयौवनेन पदं K. 141; मनसा कृ to think of, meditate; मनसि कृ to think; दृष्ट्वा मनस्येवमकरोत् K. 136; or to resolve or determine; सख्यं, मैत्रीं कृ to form friendship with; अस्त्राणि कृ to practise the use of weapons; दंडं कृ to inflict punishment; हृदये कृ to pay heed to; कालं कृ to die; मतिं दुद्धिं-कृ to think of, intend, mean; उदकं कृ to offer libations of water to the Manes; चिरं कृ to delay; दर्दुरं कृ to play on the lute; नखानि कृ to clean the nails; कन्यां कृ to outrage or violate a maiden; विना कृ to separate from, to be abandoned by, as in मदनेन विनाकृता रतिः Ku. 4. 21; मध्ये कृ to place in the middle, to have reference to; मध्येकृत्य स्थितं क्रथकैशिकान् M. 5. 2; वशे कृ to win over, place in subjection, subdue; चमत्कृ to cause surprise; make an exhibition or a show; सत्कृ to honour, treat with respect; तिर्यक्कृ to place aside.

— Caus. (कारयति-ते) To cause to do, perform, make, execute &c.; आज्ञां कारय रक्षेभिः Bk. 8. 84; भृत्यं भृत्येन वा कटं कारयति Sk.

— Desid. (चिकीर्षीति-ते) To wish to do &c.; Śi. 14. 41.