Political Concepts in Ancient India /95

Glossary
 
GANA-RĀJYA--(1)
 
A republic; same as Gana,
ṇa,
where the political power is vested not in one
person, but in a gana or group of people.
 

person, but in a gaṇa or group of people.
(2) The term occurs in a celebrated passage of a

Jaina work, AcaranĀcārāṅgasūtra, as follows: One

"should avoid visiting such countries which have

no King, i.e. no head of the government, or are

governed by gana form of government, or have

a crown prince as the ruler, or have two kings,
or are governed by a foreign ruler, or are governed

or are governed by a foreign ruler, or are governed
by two contending Kings."¹
 
75
 
"… . . .arāyāṇi vā gaṇarāyāṇi vā juarāyāṇi vā dorajjāņi vā
verajjāṇi vā viruddha-rajjāṇi vā" where Pkt. gaṇarāyaṇi= Skt.
gaṇarājyāṇi (=gaṇa-states) (Āvāraṁgasuttam, ed. Jacobi, II.
3.1.10., quoted by Jayaswal, Hindu Polity, p. 84).
(3) On the strength of terms like Ganatitha,
ṇatitha,
Ganapuṇapūraka, and Ganṇamukhya, it may be pre-

sumed that in Ganṇarajya, the political power is

vested in a parliament headed by an elected
president.
 

president.
 
GAŅṆIKĀDHYAKSAṢA--Superintendent of courte-

sans. He was responsible for controlling the
entire institution of prostitution in the state

entire institution of prostitution in the state
(AŚ II. 27).
 

 
GĀŅṆANIKA—An account officer. cf. AS' II. 7.

 
GŪDḌHAJAPUTRA --(1) A son born to a woman
 

by a man other than her actual husband through

a secret union. (Manu Samṁ, IX. 170).
 

(2) Kautṭilya suggests that the Gūḍhaja is born

in the residence of some relative of the wife clan-

destinely. (AS'. III. 7).
 
1. "… . . .arāyāṇi vā gaṇarāyāṇi vā juarāyāṇi vā dorajjāņi vā
verajjāņi vā viruddha-rajjāņi vā" where Pkt. ganarāyaṇi- Skt.
ganarājyāṇi (=gana-states) (Aväramgasuttam, ed. Jacobi, II.
3.1.10., quoted by Jayaswal, Hindu Polity, p. 84).
 
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