2023-02-16 11:11:52 by ambuda-bot
This page has not been fully proofread.
66
Political Concepts in Ancient India
(2) Amara gives Bali and Bhagadheya as
synonyms of Kara.
(3) Kautilya mentions it as one of the ten
varieties of Rāṣṭra in AS' II. 15, where it occurs
side by side with Pindakara (tax in kind received
from the countryside in a regular manner), Sad-
bhāga (one sixth of the land produce) and Bali
(additional levies). Here Kara seems to mean the
tributes received from feudatory Kings.
(4) Kautilya also keeps in mind the broader mea-
ning of Kara as a tax in general when he uses
the term to form the larger term Pindakara.
(5) 'A tax in general' in the Smrti literature.³
(6) A nice example of the term being used in the
sense of 'a tax in general' is found in the Allaha-
bad Stone Pillar Inscription of Samudragupta,
where it is used with the word sarva (all) to
mean 'all sorts of taxes and tributes'.
KARMAKARA (1) A servant. He used to get a
mutually agreed salary. (AS' III. 13).5
(2) It seems that the status of a Bhrtaka,
2. bhagadheyah karo bali (Amara, Ksatriya Varga).
3. Cf. akarah s'rotriyah, (Āpastamba Dharmasutra, II. 10.26.1),
brahamanebhyah karādānaṁ na kuryāt (Viṣṇu Dharma Sutra
III. 25).
4. sarvva-kara-dānājnakaraṇa (line 22) in ASPI of Samudra-
gupta. vide D. C. Sircar, Select Inscriptions, Vol. I, p. 165.
5. Cf. karmakarasya karmasambandham āsannā vidyuḥ yatha-
sambhāşitaṁ vetanam labheta. (The neighbours should have
the knowledge of the appointment of a new servant in any of the
families of the neighbourhood. The servant should receive an
agreed salary.)
Digitized by
Google
Original from
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
Political Concepts in Ancient India
(2) Amara gives Bali and Bhagadheya as
synonyms of Kara.
(3) Kautilya mentions it as one of the ten
varieties of Rāṣṭra in AS' II. 15, where it occurs
side by side with Pindakara (tax in kind received
from the countryside in a regular manner), Sad-
bhāga (one sixth of the land produce) and Bali
(additional levies). Here Kara seems to mean the
tributes received from feudatory Kings.
(4) Kautilya also keeps in mind the broader mea-
ning of Kara as a tax in general when he uses
the term to form the larger term Pindakara.
(5) 'A tax in general' in the Smrti literature.³
(6) A nice example of the term being used in the
sense of 'a tax in general' is found in the Allaha-
bad Stone Pillar Inscription of Samudragupta,
where it is used with the word sarva (all) to
mean 'all sorts of taxes and tributes'.
KARMAKARA (1) A servant. He used to get a
mutually agreed salary. (AS' III. 13).5
(2) It seems that the status of a Bhrtaka,
2. bhagadheyah karo bali (Amara, Ksatriya Varga).
3. Cf. akarah s'rotriyah, (Āpastamba Dharmasutra, II. 10.26.1),
brahamanebhyah karādānaṁ na kuryāt (Viṣṇu Dharma Sutra
III. 25).
4. sarvva-kara-dānājnakaraṇa (line 22) in ASPI of Samudra-
gupta. vide D. C. Sircar, Select Inscriptions, Vol. I, p. 165.
5. Cf. karmakarasya karmasambandham āsannā vidyuḥ yatha-
sambhāşitaṁ vetanam labheta. (The neighbours should have
the knowledge of the appointment of a new servant in any of the
families of the neighbourhood. The servant should receive an
agreed salary.)
Digitized by
Original from
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN