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Glossary
 
(2) Kautilya uses the term in the sense of a
trust, for he speaks of enjoying the Upanidhi.
(AS' III. 12).⁹
 
UPANIPĀTA-Calamity
 
or damage caused to any
merchandise by the state (rājā), thief, fire and
water. Cf. raja-corāgnyudakabādhā upanipāta
(AS' III. 15).
 
UPANISAT-PRAYOGA-Secret use of fire, poison,
etc. for the killing of enemy. The details are
described in AS' Book XIV.
 
61
 
UPĀYUKTA-(1) A responsible and fully autho-
rised official (AS' II. 9).
 
(2) This officer is immediately higher in rank
than the Yukta, for whenever there is any doubt
regarding the conduct of a Yukta, the King should
make an enquiry from the Upāyukta.(AS' II. 8).
 
UPASTHANA-(1) A waiting hall for the subjects
coming to meet the King. (AS' I. 19, X. 1).
 
(2) Asthānamaṇḍapa in the same sense as in 1.
(3) A type of training for the elephants. (AS'
II. 32).
 
(4) One of the ten assigned functions of a Koşth-
āgārādhyakṣa (q.v.), is called Upasthāna, which
is, again, found in six forms mainly concerned
with measurement of materials. The details are
given in AS' II. 15.
 
UPASTHAYIKA-Men engaged for looking after
the elephants and other such animals. Their
 
8. Cf. upanidhibhoktā deśakālā nurupam bhogavetanam dadyat
(AS' III. 12).
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN