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(test of virtue), Kāmopadhā (test of desire),
Arthopadhā (test of greed for wealth), Bhayo-
padhā (test of courage on occasions of fear).
The detailed procedure of applying these tests is
given in AS' I. 10.
(2) Kauṭilya suggests that only one who can
pass in all the Upadhās should be appointed a
Minister. (sarvopadhāśuddhān maṇtrinṇaḥ Kur-
yāt) (AS' I. 10).
(3) Mahābhārata gives the number of Upadhās
to be five while the Kālikāpurāna, a much later
work, illustrates only three Upadhās, viz.
Dharmopadhā, Arthopadhā and Kaāmopadhā. nityaṁ pancopadhātītair mantrayet saha mantribhih (Mbh. XII. 83. 52). Nilakaṇtha, commenting on this, takes the
meaning of Upadhā as Chala (i.e., fraud or trick or deception)
and gives a very queer explanation. According to his inter-
pretation, there are three basic Upadhās, viz. Vaciki (oral),
Kāyikī (physical) and Mānasikī (mental). Through various
combinations we have five varieties, viz., (i) Vācikī, (ii) Kāyikī,
(iii) Mānasiki, (iv) Kāyikī cum Vācikī and (v) Kāyikī cum Vāciki
cum Mānasikī. Cf. Kālikāpurāṇa, 87. 776-96a.
UPAJĀPA--Causing of dissension in the camp of
enemy. (AS' I. 13. VII. 5, etc.) Cf. (Śiśupālava-
dha II. 99 and Kirātārjunīya. II. 47.
UPANIDHI--(1) A sealed deposit, deposited
with a person in a sealed container without dis-
closing the contents. (cf. Manu Saṁ VIII. 145,
149 and Medhātithi thereon.
śāstrāntaravadantarhito nyāsah. yadapradarbitarupam sa-
cihavastrādinā pihitaṁ nikṣipyate. See S. C. Banerji, A Glossary of Smrti Literature, p. 21 for other references.
Arthopadhā (test of greed for wealth), Bhayo-
padhā (test of courage on occasions of fear).
The detailed procedure of applying these tests is
given in AS' I. 10.
(2) Kauṭilya suggests that only one who can
pass in all the Upadhās should be appointed a
Minister. (sarvopadhāśuddhān maṇtri
yāt) (AS' I. 10).
(3) Mahābhārata gives the number of Upadhās
to be five while the Kālikāpurāna, a much later
work, illustrates only three Upadhās, viz.
Dharmopadhā, Arthopadhā and K
meaning of Upadhā as Chala (i.e., fraud or trick or deception)
and gives a very queer explanation. According to his inter-
pretation, there are three basic Upadhās, viz. Vaciki (oral),
Kāyikī (physical) and Mānasikī (mental). Through various
combinations we have five varieties, viz., (i) Vācikī, (ii) Kāyikī,
(iii) Mānasiki, (iv) Kāyikī cum Vācikī and (v) Kāyikī cum Vāciki
cum Mānasikī. Cf. Kālikāpurāṇa, 87. 776-96a.
UPAJĀPA--Causing of dissension in the camp of
enemy. (AS' I. 13. VII. 5, etc.) Cf. (Śiśupālava-
dha II. 99 and Kirātārjunīya. II. 47.
UPANIDHI--(1) A sealed deposit, deposited
with a person in a sealed container without dis-
closing the contents. (cf. Manu Saṁ VIII. 145,
149 and Medhātithi thereon.
śāstrāntaravadantarhito nyāsah. yadapradarbitarupam sa-
cihavastrādinā pihitaṁ nikṣipyate. See S. C. Banerji, A Glossary of Smrti Literature, p. 21 for other references.