Political Concepts in Ancient India /73

Glossary
 
AĀTYAYIKA (-KAĀRYA)--An emergent situation

requiring immediate action. The King is ad-

vised to call a meeting of the ministers (mantri-

ṇaḥ) and of the committee of executive officers

(mantriparişṣad) for consultation as soon as such
a situation arises. cf. a
a situation arises. cf. ātyayike karye mantrino
mantriparişārye mantriṇo
mantripariṣadaṁ cāhūya brūyāt (AS' I. 15). In

AS' I. 19 Kautṭilya observes-the King should
pay immediate attention to all the a
pay immediate attention to all the ātyayika

kāryas, and such situations should never be

allowed to pass unheeded. (sarvam ātyayikam
ṁ
kāryaṁ śṛṇuyānnātipātayet).
 
A
 
ĀDHĀTĀ--One who keeps the AĀdhi with the cre-

ditor (AS', III. 12).
 
A
 
ĀDHI=(1) 'Pledge or mortgage of a chattel or im-

movable property to the creditor himself with or

without possession'. (HD. III. p. 419. f.n. 681).
 
53
 

(2) Vide AS' III. 1, III. 12, etc. and Manu Saṁ

VIII. 143-145.
 

(3) Medhatithi under Manu Samṁ, VIII. 143.

divides AĀdhi into 2 types, viz. Gopya. (which is

simply to be retained without any enjoyment)

and Bhogya (which may be enjoyed by the

creditor, while retained with him). Bhogya again

is divided into two types, viz. that which yields a

perennial enjoyment and that which yields a

periodical enjoyment.
 

(4) Cf. also Yaājnñavalkya, II. 58 where it is
maintained that the Adhi is forfeited if it is not

maintained that the Ādhi is forfeited if it is not
released by such a time during which the profit

yielded by it amounts to two times of its original

value.
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN