Political Concepts in Ancient India /194

174
 
Political Concepts in Ancient India
 
varunṇaḥ samrāt samratṭ samrāṭpatiḥ samraāmrājyam asmin

yajñe (ŠŚatapatha-Brāhmaṇa, 11-4-3-10) (Varuna
ṇa
is the universal sovereign, the lord of universal

sovereigns; the universal sovereignty originated

in him....). This term used to imply a higher

degree of supremacy of the king to which it is

applied as an epithet. Cf. Mahaābharata, Santi
ārata, Śānti
Parva, 43.11 and 68.54.
 

 
SAMSṀŚAYA-TRIVARGA-Artha and Anartha,
-Artha and Anartha,
Dharma and Adharma, Kāma and Śoka-these
three pairs are together called Soka-these
three pairs are together calledaṁśaya-trivarga
as each of these pairs involves some Samsaya-trivarga
as each of these pairs involves some Samsaya
ṁśaya
(a state of getting puzzled) (AŚ. IX.7).
 

 
SAMṀŚRAYA --(1) Seeking shelter.
 

(2) It is one of the six modes of foreign policy

(see ṣṢādgunḍguṇya).
 

(3) Kautṭilya maintains that a King, being in

hostility with another, takes shelter with yet

another more powerful King by surrendering

himself and his belongings, cf. parārpaṇam
ṁ
saṁśrayaḥ (AŚ VII.1).
 

 
SAHAJA-BALA--Strength of a King's own self.

 
SAHAJA-MITRAĀ--See Mitra.
 

 
SAHAJA-SŚATRU--An enemy by birth. A King of

a different country who happens to bear some

family relation with the Vijīgişṣu, becomes an

enemy of this sort. Cousins and even full-blooded

brothers are apt to come under this category."
( See Ari).
 
9. S. Mookerjee, Political Wisdom of Ancient India, Journal
of the Bihar Research Society, XXXXV, parts I-IV. December

1959.
 
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Original from
 
UNIVER
(SITY OF MICHIGAN
 
ee Ari).