Political Concepts in Ancient India /182

Political(4) According to Amara the ferry duties and
similar dues are called Śulka. ghaṭṭādideyaṁ śulkostrī (Amara kośa, Ksatriya varga).
(5) Concempts in Ancient India
 
(4) According to Amara the ferry duties and
similar dues are called Sulka.
 
(5) Compare also the term Vali.
 

 
ŚULKĀDHYAKŞṢA--(1)
or customs duties. (A Superintendent of tolls
or customs duties. (AŚ II. 21).
 

(2) Toll collector or customs officer.
 

(3) In certain places this officer is also called
Saulkika.
 
162
 

Śaulkika.
 
SŪNĀDHYAKŞAṢA--Superintendent of slaughter-

houses. He is to see that only such animals

which are permitted to be killed by the state are

butchered in the slaughter houses and is to

ensure that only fresh and bone-less meat is

sold in the market. The duties of this officer
are detailed in AS
are detailed in AŚ II. 26.
 

 
ŚAULKIKA—(1) Same as Śulkādhyakṣa.
 

(2) Superintendent of tolls or customs duties.

(3) Toll-collector or customs officer.
 

(4) This term is used in Pāla and Paramāra

Inscriptions in the sense of a SŚulkdhyakāsa. cf.

also Yaājnñavalkyaşmrṣmṛti. II. 173.²
 
Cf. U.N. Ghoshal, Hindu Revenue System, p. 246.
 
ŚREŅI ṆĪ--(1) A guild or company of traders, artis-

ans etc. (Apte).³ Cf. kāruḥ śilpī saṁhataistairdvayoḥ śreṇīh sajātibhiḥ
(Amarakośa, Śudrvarga). In Arthaśāstra, IV.1, this term

is used in this sense in the context of the beha-

viour of the artisans (Kāru).
 
Superintendent of tolls
 

(2) From various references, such as one in AS
Ś
VIII.4., to Śrenṇī and Śrenṇīmukhya in the same
 
6. ghaṭṭādideyam śulkostri (Amara kośa, Ksatriya varga).
7. Cf. U.N. Ghoshal, Hindu Revenue System, p. 246.
samhataistairdvayoḥ śrenih sajātibhiḥ
 
8. Cf. kāruḥ śilpi
(Amarakośa, Sudrvarga).
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN