Political Concepts in Ancient India /181

Glossary
 
ŚĀSANAHARA-DŪTA
 
--(1) A royal messenger,
 

who merely delivers the message and takes

back the reply; he cannot negotiate of his own
accord.
 

accord. A. S. Altekar. SGAI, p. 301.
(2) He possesses only half of the qualities of an
Amatya.
 

Amātya. ardhaguṇahīnaḥ śāsanaharaḥ (AŚ I. 161
 
).
(3) Because of possessing half of the qualities
of an ideal Ama
of an ideal Amātya he may be supposed to be of

the status of a third grade Amaātya. (See
Amatya-sampat).
 

Amātya-sampat).
 
ŚĀSAYITĀ--One who prepares a copper plate

grant. Cf. Nidhanpur C.P. Grant of Bhaāskara-

varman, line 135. (Kāmarūpaśāsanāvāalī, p. 26).

 
ŚIVIRA--A military camp. See Skandhāvāra.

 
ŚUDDHA VADHA--Capital punishment without
physical torture. (AS
physical torture. (AŚ IV. 10).
 

 
ŚULKA --(1) A toll or customs duty. (vide AS
Ś
II. 21 etc. cf. Manu Samṁ. 8.159).
 

(2) According to Kautilya there are three va-
rieties of Sṭilya there are three va-
rieties of Śulka, viz. Vāhyaśulka (Duty levied on

goods produced in the countryside), AĀbhyantara
s
śulka (Duty levied on goods produced in the city)
and Atithya s
and Ātithya śulka (Duty levied on goods pro-

duced outside the country). Each of these three
types of S
types of Śulka are again sub-divided into two

types viz., Nişṣkrāmya śulka (Export duty) and

Prāvesśya śulka (Import duty) (vide AŚ II. 22).

(3) Manu uses the term also in the sense of a

purchase-price for a bride. cf. Manu Sam.
ṁ.
III. 51, VIII, 204, IX. 93 etc.
 
4. A. S. Altekar. SGAI, p. 301.
5. ardhagunahinaḥ śasanaharaḥ (AŚ I. 16).
 
Digitized by
 
Google
 
Original from
 
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN