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156
Political Concepts in Ancient India
same Indra is called Virat, Svarat and Samrat.
This renders it difficult for us to understand
Vairājya as a republic with a 'group of people'
as its political heads. (See also our notes under
Svārājya).
VYAYASARĪRA-The heads of expenditure of
the State. Twenty-four such heads are enume-
rated by Kautilya in AS II.6.
VYAVAHĀRA-(1) Any transaction (AS' III. 1).³
(2) The Current Law as laid down in the Artha-'
sastra. In this sense it is one of the four Vivād-
apadas. (AŚ III.1)
(3) Judicial procedure."
(4) A legal dispute or a law suit.
(5) Medhatithi on Manu Sam, VIII. 1, explains
it to mean either the legal efforts of the litiga-
nts to have advantage over each other' or 'the
transactions like loans and borrowings, when
they become subjects of dispute.'
(6) Amara gives (Vivāda) as a synonym of
Vyavahāra. (Vivado vyavahāraḥ, Amarakośa,
Svargavarga).
(7) Vyāvahārikaśāstra. See No. 3 under Vi-
vadapadas.
=
2. tirohita......kṛtāṁśca vyavahārān pratiṣedhayeyuḥ (AS
III. 1).
3. U. N. Ghoshal, A History of Indian Political Ideas, p. 113.
4. dharmaśca vyavaharasca cartitram rājaśāsanam
vivādārthaś catuṣpadah paścimaḥ purvesadhakaḥ
(AS' III. 1) (See Vivādapadas).
5. Cf. Vyavahāraṣtvāṁ pṛcchati (Mṛcchakaṭikā, IX).
6. Cf Kna saha mama vyavāhāraḥ (Ibid) ?'
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
Political Concepts in Ancient India
same Indra is called Virat, Svarat and Samrat.
This renders it difficult for us to understand
Vairājya as a republic with a 'group of people'
as its political heads. (See also our notes under
Svārājya).
VYAYASARĪRA-The heads of expenditure of
the State. Twenty-four such heads are enume-
rated by Kautilya in AS II.6.
VYAVAHĀRA-(1) Any transaction (AS' III. 1).³
(2) The Current Law as laid down in the Artha-'
sastra. In this sense it is one of the four Vivād-
apadas. (AŚ III.1)
(3) Judicial procedure."
(4) A legal dispute or a law suit.
(5) Medhatithi on Manu Sam, VIII. 1, explains
it to mean either the legal efforts of the litiga-
nts to have advantage over each other' or 'the
transactions like loans and borrowings, when
they become subjects of dispute.'
(6) Amara gives (Vivāda) as a synonym of
Vyavahāra. (Vivado vyavahāraḥ, Amarakośa,
Svargavarga).
(7) Vyāvahārikaśāstra. See No. 3 under Vi-
vadapadas.
=
2. tirohita......kṛtāṁśca vyavahārān pratiṣedhayeyuḥ (AS
III. 1).
3. U. N. Ghoshal, A History of Indian Political Ideas, p. 113.
4. dharmaśca vyavaharasca cartitram rājaśāsanam
vivādārthaś catuṣpadah paścimaḥ purvesadhakaḥ
(AS' III. 1) (See Vivādapadas).
5. Cf. Vyavahāraṣtvāṁ pṛcchati (Mṛcchakaṭikā, IX).
6. Cf Kna saha mama vyavāhāraḥ (Ibid) ?'
Digitized by
Original from
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN