Political Concepts in Ancient India /175

Glossary
 
from its King still alive". Shamasastry, Arthaśāstra (trans.), p. 353.
Jayaswal is unable to agree with this interpretation of the
term given by Shamasastry, because of his unnecessarily taking
it for granted that the same meaning of the term as we have
it in the Aitaraya Brahmaṇa is to be found also in the Artha-
śastra. Kautilya denounces
this form of government on the ground that the
ṭilya denounces this form of government on the ground that the
foreign ruler "can never think the forcibly seiz-

ed country to be his own; he taxes the people

unduly, shifts the seat of government to else-

where, or sells away the country to some other

party, or being disgusted leaves it and goes

away".¹
 
Cf. "Vairājyaṁ tu jīvataḥ parasyacchidya
naitanmama iti manyamanaḥ karśayatyapavāhayati
paṇyam va karoti, viraktaṁ va parityajya apagacchatīti".
(9) Sayaṇa, while commenting on Aitareya
Brāhmaṇa,Ś VIII.2.).
In the Jaina Ācaraṇgasūtra also the Vairājya form of govern-
ment is denounced. Hence, the meaning of this term in that
work seems to be identical with the meaning in the Arthaśastra
and not with the meaning of the term, as used in the Vedic
literature,
(9) Sāyaṇa, while commenting on Aitareya
Brāhmaṇa, VIII. 14 ff. renders the term as

'distinction in rank from other Kings'. A. B.

Keith in the same context gives the translation

of the term as 'supreme authority' (vide,
the Rgveda
the Ṛgveda--Brāhmaṇas : the Aitareya
 
155
 

Brāhmaṇa)
 

(10) According to Aitareya Brāhmaṇa, quoted

under 3 above the heads of a Vairājya are called

Viratāṭ. But in the same context of Indramaha-

bhiseka in the Aitareya Brāhmaṇa and also in

a passage of the Atharva Veda (17-1-22) the
 
9. Shamasastry, Arthasastra (trans.), p. 353.
 
Jayaswal is unable to agree with this interpretation of the
term given by Shamasastry, because of his unnecessarily taking
it for granted that the same meaning of the term as we have
it in the Aitaraya Brahmaṇa is to be found also in the Artha-
sastra.
 
1. Cf. "Vairājyam tu jivataḥ parasyacchidya
naitanmama iti manyamanaḥ karśayatyapavāhayati
panyam va karoti, viraktam va parityajya apagacchatiti".
(AS VIII.2.).
 
In the Jaina Acarangasūtra also the Vairājya form of govern-
ment is denounced. Hence, the meaning of this term in that
work seems to be identical with the meaning in the Arthasastra
and not with the meaning of the term, as used in the Vedic
literature,
 
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