Political Concepts in Ancient India /170

Political Concepts in Ancient India
 
VIGRAHA--(1) Hostility (the opposite of Sandhi).

(2) One of the six modes of foreign policy (see
Š
Śādḍguṇya).
 

(3) It is a sort of cold war when one party re-
mains harmful to the other. Cf. apakāro vigra-
haḥ (AŚ VII.150
 
(3) It is a sort of cold war when one party re-
mains harmful to the other. Cf. apakaro ).
 
VIJĪGIṢU--Aggressor, the central figure in the
circle of allied and enemy Kings as conceivigra-
haḥ (AŚ VII.1).
 
VIJIGIŞU-Aggressored
in the Maṇḍala-theory. The Kings of the
circle are determined as Ari, the central figure in the
circle of allied and enemy Kings as conceived
in the Mandala-theory. The Kings of the
circle are determined as Ariitra, Mitra, Arimitra
Arimitra
etc.with references to this Vijīgiṣu, and all the
precepts of the theorists are offered only to

precepts of the theorists are offered only to
fulfil the interest of the Vijīgişu.
 
ṣu.
 
VIDYA Ā--(1) Title of a traditional list of four basic

sciences, viz. AĀnvīkşṣikī, Trayī, Vārtā and

Daṇḍanīti. (AŚ I.1).
 

(2) The subjects forming the King's curriculum

of studies, taken collectively (cf. AŚ. I.5 ;
and Manu S. I.5;
and Manu Samaṁ. VII. 43).
 

 
VINIYUKTA--(1) An officer immediately below

the rank of AĀyukta.'
 
Vide., D. C. Sircar, Indian Epigraphical Glossary, p. 375.
(2) May be equal to the term Viniyuktaka. (Ep.

Ind. Vol. XI. pp. 80-83).
 

 
VINDAMĀNĀ--A woman who remarries another

man after the death of the first husband. (AS
Ś
III.2).
 

 
VIRĀJ--(1) A king who enjoys "a higher degree of

supremacy as a King" signified by the term

Vairājya (q.v.).
 
7. Vide., D. C. Sircar, Indian Epigraphical Glossary, p. 375.
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN