Political Concepts in Ancient India /169

Glossary
 
using any such word of censure) and Abhibharts-

ana (use of severe language by way of showing

fear of murder, etc.) (AŚ III. 18).
 

 
VĀJAPEYA--A preliminary rite performed by a

King prior to his consecration. Macdonell and Keith, Vedic Index, Vol. II, p. 281. This rite was
supposed to give the King fresh vital strength
and to raise him from the status of a simple

and to raise him from the status of a simple
Rājā to that of a Samrat.āṭ. Basham, The details of the
Wonder that was India, p. 42.
The details of the ritual are given in the SŚatapatha Brāhmaṇa.

 
VĀRTĀ --(1) The science of Economics dealing

with Agriculture, Animal-Husbandry and

Commerce together."
 
Cf. Manu Saṁ, VII. 43, Yājñavalkya, I.311, etc. Kṛṣipaśupālye vaṇijyā ca vārtā (AŚ Į.4).
(2) One of the four basic sciences (Vidyās) (Vide

AS'Ś 1.1).
 
149
 

(3) It has been recognised as the only avocation

of the Vaisśyas, cf. Vārtākarmaiva vaisyasya
śyasya
(Manu Samṁ. X.80). In Manu Samṁ, IX. 326,

however, cattle-rearing seems to be recognised

as lying outside the scope of Vārtā.
 

(4) According to Kautilya it forms a part of the
ṭilya it forms a part of the
King's curriculum of studies. He is advised

to learn Economics (Vārtā) from the heads of

the administrative departments.
 
Vartamadhyakṣebhyaḥ (AŚ 1.5).
 
VĀSTU--A holding containing anyone or more of

the following-a residence, a cornfield, a plea-

sure garden, a fruit garden, or a pond. (AŚ

III.8).
 
2. Macdonell and Keith, Vedic Index, Vol. II, p. 281.
3. Basham, The Wonder that was India, p. 42.
 
4. Cf. Manu Sam, VII. 43, Yājnavalkya, I.311, etc.
5. Kṛṣipaśupālye vaṇijyā ca vārtā (AŚ Į.4).
6. Vartamadhyakṣebhyaḥ (A$ 1.5).
 
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