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(2) The term is used in the same sense also in
the Rāmāyāṇa and the Mahābhārata. Cf. arājakāḥ prajāḥ sarvā purvaṁ vineśuriti nahs'rutam
parasparaṁ bhaksayanto matsyā iva jale kṛṣān (Mahābhārata,
Sānti Parva, 67.17).
nārājake janapade svakaṁ bhavati kasyacit matsyā iva janā
nityaṁ bhakṣayanti parasparam (Rāmāyaṇa, Ayodhya Kāṇḍa,
67-31).
(3) Manu Saṁhitā VII. 20 contains the idea of
a Mātsyanyāya occurring in the absence of
Daṇḍa (i.e. king's coercive authority). See Kulluka's commentary on Manu Saṁ. VII. 20 for a reference to the term.
(4) Kāmandaka explains it as mutual antago-
nism of the people of various avocations due
to the absence of Daṇḍa. parasparāmiṣatayā jagato bhinnavartamanaḥ daṇḍābhāve
paridhvaṁsi mātsyo nyāyaḥ pravartate (Kāmandakiya Nītisāra,
II. 40).
(5) Col. G.A. Jacob includes it as one of the
popular maxims (Nyāya's) in the Laukikanyā-
yāñjali, Pt. II. (pp. 57 f.)
(6) The idea that the Mātsyanyāya occurs pri-
marily in the open sea is contained in the Ni-
dhanpur C.P. Grant of Bhāskaravarman, verse
8. mātsyanyāyāvirahitaḥ prakāśa-ratnaḥ suto dvairathalaghuḥ
pañrama iva hi samudraḥ samudravarmāabhavat-tasya (Kāma-
rūpaśàsanāvali, p. 12).
Compare also Khalimpur Plate of Dharmapāla Deva, Verse
(Rajbali Pandey, Historical and Literary Inscriptions, p. 225).
 
MĀNĀDHYAKṢA--The Controller of the measu-
rement of area and time (AŚ II. 20).
 
MĀHĀRĀJYA--The term occurs in several pray-
ers and oaths of the vedic literature. For