Political Concepts in Ancient India /152

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Political Concepts in Ancient India
 
(2) The term is used in the same sense also in

the Rāmāyāṇa and the Mahābhārata.³
 
Cf. arājakāḥ prajāḥ sarvā purvaṁ vineśuriti nahs'rutam
parasparaṁ bhaksayanto matsyā iva jale kṛṣān (Mahābhārata,
Sānti Parva, 67.17).
nārājake janapade svakaṁ bhavati kasyacit matsyā iva janā
nityaṁ bhakṣayanti parasparam (Rāmāyaṇa, Ayodhya Kāṇḍa,
67-31).
(3) Manu Samhitaṁhitā VII. 20 contains the idea of

a Mātsyanyāya occurring in the absence of

Daṇḍa (i.e. king's coercive authority).*
 
See Kulluka's commentary on Manu Saṁ. VII. 20 for a reference to the term.
(4) Kaāmandaka explains it as mutual antago-

nism of the people of various avocations due

to the absence of Danda.
 
ṇḍa. parasparāmiṣatayā jagato bhinnavartamanaḥ daṇḍābhāve
paridhvaṁsi mātsyo nyāyaḥ pravartate (Kāmandakiya Nītisāra,
II. 40).
(5) Col. G.A. Jacob includes it as one of the

popular maxims (Nyāya's) in the Laukikanyaā-
ya
yāñjali, Pt. II. (pp. 57 f.)
 

(6) The idea that the Maātsyanyāya occurs pri-

marily in the open sea is contained in the Ni-

dhanpur C.P. Grant of Bhaāskaravarman, verse

8.6
 
mātsyanyāyāvirahitaḥ prakāśa-ratnaḥ suto dvairathalaghuḥ
pañrama iva hi samudraḥ samudravarmāabhavat-tasya (Kāma-
rūpaśàsanāvali, p. 12).
Compare also Khalimpur Plate of Dharmapāla Deva, Verse
(Rajbali Pandey, Historical and Literary Inscriptions, p. 225).
 
MĀNĀDHYAKSṢA--The Controller of the measu-

rement of area and time (AŚ II. 20).
 

 
MAĀHĀRĀJYA--The term occurs in several pray-

ers and oaths of the vedic literature. For
 
3. Cf. arājakāḥ prajāḥ sarvā purvam vinesuriti nahs'rutam
parasparam bhaksayanto matsya iva jale kṛṣān (Mahābhārata,
Santi Parva, 67.17).
 
nārājake janapade svakam bhavati kasyacit matsyā iva janā
nityam bhakşayanti parasparam (Rāmāyaṇa, Ayodhya Kāṇḍa,
67-31).
 
4. See Kulluka's commentary on Manu Sam. VII. 20 for a
reference to the term.
 
5. parasparāmişatayā jagato bhinnavartamanah daṇḍābhāve
paridhvamsi mätsyo nyāyaḥ pravartate (Kamandakiya Nitisara,
II. 40).
 
6. mātsyanyāyāvirahitaḥ prakāśa-ratnaḥ suto dvairathalaghuḥ
panrama iva hi samudraḥ samudravarmāabhavat-tasya (Kama-
rūpaśàsanūvali, p. 12).
 
Compare also Khalimpur Plate of Dharmapala Deva, Verse
4, (Rajbali Pandey, Historical and Literary Inscriptions, p. 225).
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN