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Political Concepts in Ancient India
 
constituents of every council deliberation'
(Mantrā).*
 
MANTRA YUDDHA—(1) Battle of intrigue.
 
(2) Fighting with the enemy through the acti-
vities of the secret agents, instead of getting
engaged in an open battle.
 
(3) In this type of Yuddha, varieties of Gudha-
purusas are engaged to kill the enemy or to
create all sorts of dangers and difficulties for the
enemy.
 
(4) Details of Mantra Yuddha are given in AS
 
XII. 2.
 
(5) In AŚ VII. 13, Kautilya points out the rela-
tive superiority of the battle of intrigue (Man-
tra Yuddha) to armed confrontation (Vyāyāma
yuddha).
 
(6) Same as Tūṣṇīm yuddha, mentioned in AŚ
VII. 6, Verse 9, and VII. 16.¹
 
MANTRA SAKTI-The power of a king secured
by superior statesmanship and diplomacy and
counsel. See Śakti.
 
MANTRI-PARIŞAD (1) Council of ministers.
(2) The number of the ministers constituting the
Mantriparişad is variously given. As given in
the Arthaśāstra I. 15, according to the school of
Manu the number should be twelve; according
 
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6. Cf. AS Trans p. 28, and karmāṇām ārabhopayah puruşa-
dravyasampat, deśakālavibhāgaḥ. vinipātapratikārah. kāryasidd-
hiriti pancango mantraḥ (AS' I. 15). This passage of the AS
is quoted in Hitopadesa, Book IV.
 
7. Cf. prakā s'a-kita-tusnimyuddha-durgalambho-pāyair amitra-
pragrahanam iti dandam ācaret (AŚ' VII. 16).
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN