Political Concepts in Ancient India /144

124
 
Political Concemitrāmitra). Behind the central king there
are four kings with their respts in Ancient India
 
mitrāmitra). Behind the central king there
are foective territories
gradur kings with their respective territories
gradually receding from centre. These kings are

named Pārṣṇigrāha (adjacent to the central

King), AĀkranda (adjacent to the Pārṣṇigrāha),

Pārṣṇigrāhāsāra (adjacent to AĀkranda) and
A
Ākrandāsara (adjacent to the Paārṣṇigrāhāsāra).

Lying to the right or left of the central king are

two other kings viz. Madhyama (intermediate)

and Udasiāsīna (indifferent). These twelve kings

including the central king called a Vijigisīgiṣu form

the Mandṇḍala (vide AŚ' VI. 2).
 

(7) Yaājnñavalkya conceives the Mandala in the
ṇḍala in the
form of a lotus, where the circle is formed by

Ari (enemy), Mitra (ally) and Udāsīna (indiffer-

ent) remaining in gradually receding positions

in the front, in the rear, to the right and to the

left. Thus there are thirteen kings in the circle,

including the Vijīgiṣu, the central figure ( Yājña-

valkya Smṛti I. 345). Pārṣṇigrāha, Ākrandāsāra,
etc. recognised by others (e.g. Kauṭilya) may be
included in one of the several Akrandāsāraris,
etc. recognised by others (e.g. Kautilya) may be
included in one of the se Mitras and
Udāsīnas, respectiveral Aris, Mitras and
Udāsīnas, respectively.*
 
ly.
 
MADHYAMA--One of the kings of the circle of

allied and enemy kings enumerated in the Mandṇḍ-

ala theory. The territory of the Madhyama stands
either to the right or to the left of the central

either to the right or to the left of the central
figure of the circle, viz. the Aggressor (Vijīgiṣu).
 

 
4. Cf. evamṁ purataḥ prstṛṣṭhataḥ pāriśvatas'ca trayastraya ātmā
caika iti

caika iti trayodaśarājamandalam
 
idam
 
trayodaśakam idaṁ rājakam
maṇḍalaṁ
padmākāraṁ-pārṣṇigrāhākrandāsāradayastyari-mitrodāsīne-
ş
ṣvevāntarbhavanti .....(Mitakaşraākaṣrā on Yaājnñavalkya Smṛti,
…..(Mitākaṣrā

I. 345).
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN