Political Concepts in Ancient India /143

Glossary
 
MA
 
MANDṆḌALA --(1) A circular array of troops. (Mbh.

Bhīşṣma 81. 12).
 

(2) It is one of the four main varieties of battle

orders (Vyuūhas) the others being Dandṇḍa, Bhoga
and Asamhata.¹
 
123
 
(3) Mandala is defined by Kautilya to be a battle
order in which the wings (
and Asaṁhata. Cf. P. C. Chakṣa)ravarti: The Art of War in Ancient India, flanks (Kakşa)
and the centre (Uras) stand in close proximity
to one another without leaving any gap bet-
ween them.
 
(4) Maṇḍala- Vyūha has two sub-varieties viz.
Sarvatobhadra and Durjaya (AŚ X. 6).
 
(5) A district or a province. The term is often
mentioned in epigraphical records with varying
connotations. Sometimes Mandala is smaller
than Visaya, sometimes bigger than Vişaya
and sometimes identical with Vişaya.³
 
(6) The circle of king's near and distant neighbours.
This circle consists of twelve kings as follows:-
There is the aggressor (Vijīgiṣu) in the centre.
In front of him there are five kings with their
territories gradually receding in distance. They
are named Ari (immediately adjacent to the
central king), Mitra (adjacent to Ari), Arimitra
(adjacent to Mitra), Mitramitra (adjacent to
Arimitra), and Arimitrāmitra (adjacent to
 
1. Cf. P. C. Chakravarti: The Art of War in Ancient India,

pp. 113-115.
 
2. p
(3) Maṇḍala is defined by Kauṭilya to be a battle
order in which the wings (Pakṣa), flanks (Kakṣa)
and the centre (Uras) stand in close proximity
to one another without leaving any gap bet-
ween them. pakṣakaksorasyānām ekiībhāve maṇḍalah (AŚ³' X 6)
3
(4) Maṇḍala- Vyūha has two sub-varieties viz.
Sarvatobhadra and Durjaya (AŚ X. 6).
(5) A district or a province. The term is often
mentioned in epigraphical records with varying
connotations. Sometimes Maṇḍala is smaller
than Viṣaya, sometimes bigger than Viṣaya
and sometimes identical with Viṣaya. D. C. Sircar, Indian Epigraphical Glossary, p. 194 f.
 
Digitized
(6) The circle of king's near and distant neighby
 
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Original from
 
UNours.
This circle consists of twelve kings as follows:-
There is the aggressor (Vijīgiṣu) in the centre.
IVERSIn front of him there are five kings with their
territories gradually receding in distance. TY OFhey
are named Ari (immediately adjacent to the
central king), MICHIGAN
 
itra (adjacent to Ari), Arimitra
(adjacent to Mitra), Mitrāmitra (adjacent to
Arimitra), and Arimitrāmitra (adjacent to