Political Concepts in Ancient India /121

Glossary
 
Cf. devaradvaādvā sapiṇḍādvā striyā samyanṅ niyuktayā

prajepsitaā dhigantavyā santānasya parikṣaye

(Manu Samṁ. 9. 59).
 
101
 

The word niyoga is mentioned in Manu Sam.
ṁ.
9.61 and 9.62.
 

 
NIVEŠŚANA—Marriage of a widow with a second

husband. (AS III. 2, etc.).
 

 
NISAŚĀNTA--The royal abode (AŚ I. 20.).
 

 
NIŞṢĀDA--See Pārāśava.
 

 
NISRṚṢTĀRTHA--Dutaūta--One of the three main

varieties of Duūta. He possesses all the desirable

qualities of an Amatya in full.
 
ātya in full.
Cf. amatyasampad upeto nisrstaātyasampad upeto nisṛṣtārthaḥ. (AŚ. I.

16).
 

 
NIĪTI --(1) Derived from the root niī the word means

proper guidance or direction. For the derivation of the word nīti from root nī.
Cf. daṇḍena nīyate cedaṁ daṇḍaṁ nayati vā puṇaḥ daṇḍanītir
iti khyātā trinlokān abhivartate (Mahābhārata. Śānti Parva, 59-78).
Hence it means
the code of ethics and wisdom.
 

Cf. the title, Niītiśataka of one of the works of

Bhartrhari.
 
ṛhari.
(2) Most probably as an abbreviation of the term

Raājanīti the present word means the science of
politics.
 

politics.
Cf. the title Niītikalpataru of a work on politics

by Lakṣmīdhara (1150 A.D.).
 

 
NĪTI-ŚĀSTRA--Science of polity or of general

good conduct.
 

 
NIĪVI Ī--(1) Remainder after deducting expenditure

from income. (vide AŚ II. 6).
 
4. For the derivation of the word niti from root ni.
 
Cf. dandena niyate cedam dandam nayati va punaḥ dandanitir
iti khyātā trinlokān abhivartate (Mahabharata. Santi Parva, 59-78).
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN