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There are two ways of studying the political
institutions of any society either analysing the ideas

institutions of any society either analysing the ideas
pronounced by the historical personalities or

subjecting the ancient works to a kind of language

analysis. In the West, this mode of content

analysis has come into vogue, behaviourists,
structuralists and logicists follow this mode of

structuralists and logicists follow this mode of
analysis, especially in the USA and the U.K.
 

 
viii
 

 
This work, though it does not intend to pro-

pound a system of analysis, however it attempts

to provide the raw materials for those who wish to

study ancient Indian polity through the window

of language analysis.
 

 
This work was initiated in London under the

inspiration received from Professor A.L. Basham

who was author's teacher in the University.
 

 
Author's subsequent assignments prevented

him from continuing the work in London and he

had to return to India. The writer is glad to have

this opportunity of expressing his heartfelt thanks

to Professor Basham for his helpful guidance and,
the great interest he has shown during the initial

the great interest he has shown during the initial
stage of the work.
 

 
On his return to India, the writer had the privi-

lege of continuing the work under the personal

guidance of Professor Mukunda Madhava Sharma,

Head of the Department of Sanskrit, Gauhati

University. He is particularly indebted to Pro-

fessor Sharma for his unending kindness in
helping him to clear up many points in connection

helping him to clear up many points in connection
with the preparation of this work. Grateful

acknowledgements are also due to Mrs. Elima

Sharma, learned wife of Professor Sharma, for her
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN