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(9) Our notes on Daṇḍa would show that various
connotations of the term Daṇḍa are accepted even
by the same authority. As such, the description
of Daṇḍanīti, as comprising of policy and im-
policy, in consideration of a narrower connota-
tion of the term Daṇḍa may be justified even
though Daṇḍanītī, with a wider connotation of
Daṇḍa, may be identical with Arthaśāstra.
(10) =Rājanīti (cf. A. L. Basham, The Wonder
that was India, p. 79).
(11) This science is also called Rāja-śāstra in the
Mahābhārata, Śānti Parva. (vide, Jayaswal,
Hindu Polity, p. 5).
(12) Mitakṣarā on Yājñvalkya. I. 313, gives
the meaning of Daṇḍanīti as Arthaśāstra.
 
DAṆḌAPARUṢYA—(1) An assault. It is a legally
punishable offence. cf. AS.'Ś. II. 27.
(2) Kauṭilya names three varieties of it. They
are Sparśana (touching the body of the opponent
by way of assault with hand, foot, etc), Avagūr-
ṇa (showing weapons like lances by way of
attempting to assault) and Prahata (physical
assault with any weapon). (See AS' III. 19).
(3) Hard or cruel infliction of punishment. In
this sense it is one of the Krodhaja Vyasanas
(see Manu Saṁ. VII. 48).
 
DAṆḌAPĀLA--(1) One of the 18 Tīrthas or Mahā-
mātras (see AS' I. 18).
(2) = Daṇḍanādhikārī given in the Tilaka com.
(as one of the Tīrthas) under Rāmāyaṇa II.
100.36.