Political Concepts in Ancient India /106

same chapter, in the second verse, Kauṭilya
refers to eighteen Tīrthas (Tīrtheṣvaṣṭādaśasvapi)
obviously with reference to the 18 Mahāmātras.
(8) Nīlakaṇṭha, commenting on Mahābhārata
Śānti Parva, 57. 17, quotes 4 verses from a work
called Nitiśāstra (?) containing almost an identical
list of 18 Tīrthas. (mantrī+ purohitaścaiva . . . .
tīrthānyaṣṭadaśaivatu).
 
TŪṢṆĪ-DANḌA—Same as Tūṣṇīṁ-yuddha.
 
TŪṢNĪN-YUDDHA--Same as Mantrayuddha (q.v.)
 
TRAYĪ-- (1) The 'three Vedas' taken collectively.
The three Vedas included in this term are Ṛk-,
Yajuḥ-, and Sama-vedas (cf. Manu Saṁ, IV.
125).
(2) It is one of the four basic sciences (Vidyās)
(AS'Ś I. 1).
(3) It forms a part of the King's curriculum of
studies. He is advised to learn the sacred canon
(Trayi) along with philosophy (Ānvīkṣikī) from
the cultured persons. trayīm ānvīkṣikīṁ ca siṣṭebhyah (AS'Ś I. 5).
 
DAṆḌA--(1) A measurement of length. It is equal
to 4 Aratnis, i.e., 96 fingers and its synonyms
are Dhanuḥ, Nālikā and Pauruṣa. (Vide AS'Ś
II. 20). caturaratnirdaṇḍo dhanur nālikā pauruṣaṁ ca.
(2) A punishment in general. Cf. Manu Saṁ. VIII. 126 etc.
Cf. tānavamanyāmānaṁ daivo' pi daṇḍaḥ spṛśati (AS'Ś I. 13)
etc.