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Glossary
 
(4) According to Nītivākyāmṛta (ch. II) of Soma-
deva Suri, Tirthas are the judicial and the exe-
cutive officers.¹
 
85
 
(5) Rāmāyaṇa (II. 100.36) mentions the term
Tirtha and mentions the number of Tirthas to
be eighteen.³
 
(6) The Tilaka com. on Rāmāyaṇa mentions the
following officers as Tīrthas : Mantri, Purohita,
Yuvarāja, Senapati, Dauvärika, Antaḥpurā-
dhikṛta, Bandhanāgārādhikṛta, Dhanadhyakṣa,
Rajajña-vakta, Prāḍvivāka ( = Vyavahārapraṣṭā)
Dharmāsanādhikṛta Vyavhāranirṇetī (=Sabhya),
Senābhṛtidānādhyakṣa, Karmante vetaṇagrāhiṇaḥ,
Nagaradhyaksa, Rastrantapala (Atavika), Dan-
danadhikari and Durgapala.
 
-
 
(7) Kautilya uses the term Mahāmātra also for
Tirtha, for he also gives a list of 18 Mahāmātrass
and the same is identical with the list given
by the Tilaka com., and a little later in the
 
1. dharmasamavāyinah kāryasamavāyinaśca puruşāḥ tirtham.
2. kaccidaṣṭādasānyeşu svapakṣe das'a panca ca tribhistribhi-
ravijnātairvetsitīrthāni cāraṇaih
 
3. The 18 Mahāmatras are enumerated by Kauțilya in AS.
I. 12, and they are viz. Mantri, Purohita, Senāpati, Yuvarāja,
Dauvarika, Antarvamsika, Pras'āṣṭā, Samā hartā, Sannidhātā,
Pradeştā, Nagarika, Pauravyavahārika, Kärmäntika, Mantri-
parişadadhyakşa, Daṇḍapāla, Durgapāla, Antapāla and Aṭavika.
(According to a variant reading we should read Nayaka for
Nāgarika).
 
4. Soe under MAHĀMĀTRA.
 
Tilaka com. quotes a verse from some Lexicon, according
to which the word tirtha, besides other meanings, also has the
meaning as the group of 18 beginning with mantrī : yonau jala-
vatāre ca mantryadyāṣṭādas'avapi punyakşetre tathā pātre tirthaṁ
syad dars'aneşvapi.
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN