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Introduction
 
eg 'Tis not enough no harshness gives offense,
The sound must seem an echo to the sense:
Soft is the strain when Zephyr gently blows,
 
And the smooth stream in smoother number flows.
Pope, Essay on Criticism
 
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35. Oxymoron: It is the yoking of two terms which are appar-
ently self-contradictory.
 
eg Here's much to do with hate, but more with love.
 
Why then, O brawling love! O loving hate!
 
O anything of nothing first create!
 
O heavy lightness, serious vanity!
 
Mishappen chaos of well seeming forms!
 
Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick health!
Still-waking sleep, that is not what it is!
 
This love I feel, that feel no love in this.
 
xxxix
 
Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet
36. Parable: (Greek para ballo meaning I throw beyond) It is an
allegorical story giving a lofty idea or moral. The New
Testament gives a good number of popular stories containing
high moral lessons. The parable of the sower is a fine example of
it. In Sanskrit literature, such parables are abundant in the
Upanişads, the Mahabharata and specially tales and fables of
the Pañcatantra.
 
37. Paradox: It is a poetic statement or proposition which seems
self-contradictory or absurd, but in reality expresses a possi-
ble truth.
 
Digitized by
 
eg Art is a form of lying in order to tell the truth.
 
He is guilty of being innocent. - Pablo Picasso
 
38. Paralipsis: It is a rhetorical expression that gives the suggestion
by deliberately concise treatment of a topic, that much of significance
is being omitted.
 
eg I cannot delay to tell you how political quarrels might be
otherwise settled. But grant that they cannot. Grant that no
law of reason can be understood by nations; no law of justice
submitted to by them. Ruskin
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN