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A Handbook of Classical Sanskrit Rhetoric
 
eg We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the land-
ing-grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we
shall fight in the hills. Winston Churchill, speech in the
house of Commons, 1940
 
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6. Anastrophe : An artful deviation from the ordinary pattern or
arrangement of words is known as anastrophe.
 
eg Good musicians of their type they are. Clean and neat in
appearance they are. Needed, we might say, they are.
 
7. Anthimeria: It is to substitute one part of speech for another.
eg The chimney smokes. He smokes the ham. He smokes. He
asked for a smoke. He smoked out the thief. His dreams went
up in smoke.
 
8. Anticlimax or Bathos: It is an expression of a sudden fall
from a lofty idea to a substandard thinking that gives rise to a
ludicrous sense or a ludicrous descent from the exalted or
lofty to the commonplace.
 
eg True Jedwood justice was dealt out to him. First came the
execution, then that investigation, and last of all, the accusation.
9. Antimetabole : This figure occurs through repetition of words,
in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order.
 
One should eat to live, not live to eat.
eg
Moliere, L'Avare
Mankind must put an end to war or war will put an end to
mankind. - John F Kennedy, United Nations Speech, 1961.
10. Antithesis: (Greek anti, against, and tithemi, I place) It is the
juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, often in parallel structure.
eg It is the best of times, yet the worst of times; we live in
unparalled prosperity, yet have starvation; modern science
can perform miracles to save lives, yet we have war; we bal-
ance ourselves delicately on the moon, yet destroy the deli-
cate balance of the earth. Young people search for meaning
in life, yet are confused, demoralised, frustrated.- from an
article in America, Dec, 1969.
 
Digitized by
 
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11. Aposiopesis: When there is a sudden breaking off in the
midst of a sentence, as if from inability or unwillingness to
proceed, it is called Aposiopesis.
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN