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Introduction
 
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ception of alamkāra is very wide. According to him the value of
poetry is to be determined by its figurative diction which means
beautification of word and meaning. He is the protagonist of riti or
stylistic diction and advocates three principal styles vaidarbhi,
gaudī and pāñcālī — primarily connected with the poets of the
three particular geographical locations, but basically related to
prominent poets like Kalidasa, Bāṇabhaṭṭa and others. Vamana
declares that riti is the soul of poetry and it means application of
appropriate word and refinement of diction. He also acknowledges spe-
cial importance of figurative expression and values it more than
gunas. His classification of poets and treatment of kävyapāka(ie to
use the most appropriate word which cannot be changed or substi-
tuted) are very much interesting.
 
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8. Kāvyālamkāra : Rudraṭa's Kāvyālamkāra or (Critique of Poetry),
an extensive work on poetics, is divided into 16 chapters and con-
tains 734 kārikās in aryā metre with illustrations of his own. He
gives special importance to figures of speech and classifies them in
4 broad groups based on logical principles such as vastava,
aupamya, alisaya and śleşa ie alamkāras based on objective relation,
based on similitude, based on hyperbolic statement, based on
paronomasia. For such innovative treatment in the classification
Rudrata should be given special credit because most of the rhetori-
cians have acknowledged the common and traditional divisions -
ie alamkāras based on sound and sense. He has listed 68 figures,
but he does not accept all the alamkāras as given by his previous
rhetoricians, therefore he drops a few of them and introduces
some new ones like bhāva, mata, sāmya and pihita.
 
9. Agnipurāṇa: Out of the 36 Purana texts the Agnipurāṇa (900-
1050 AD cir) traditionally ascribed to Vyāsa, the author of the most
voluminous and renowned Sanskrit epic Mahābhārata, is basically
an encyclopedia of the voluminous Purāṇa literature and cotains
11,500 verses. But practically the original text of this Purāṇa gradu-
ally developed into such enormous size through the addition of
profuse interpolations made by enthusiastic scholars in different
periods. With various types of materials of polemic nature it turned
to be an anthology of Indological studies of ancient and mediaeval
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN