2023-02-15 09:59:33 by ambuda-bot
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Samsrstih Samkara: Conjunction of figures
(ii) Combination of the figures of sense,
(iii) Combination of both
Samkara is a commixture of two or more figures having a rela-
tion of principal and subordinate status. Here we find one figure
co-existing with another while giving itself a secondary position.
But in such case, one alamkāra is not getting prominence over the
other but both of them become mutually acceptable. According to
Mammaţa another variety of Samkara occures where several
alamkāras co-exist in one verse or passage but they are not inter-
dependent and, moreover, one of them may be preferably
acknowledged but none can be accepted with certainty at the cost
of the other. The mutual relation of figures is here compared to
the mixture of milk-and-water (kṣira-nira).
Older rhetoricians do not approve separate entity of these two
but recognise them as a single alamkāra. Šobhākara does not admit
either Samsrsti or Samkara as a separate figure and argues that in
many places figures of sound and sense both exist together. In case
of figures like Rasavat, other figures are sure to occur since in all
sorts of poetic expression there must be some human sentiment or
feeling. Therefore, Sobhākara maintains that no alamkāra can exist
singularly and some figures (like Anuprāsa and Yamaka, Rūpaka
and Ślesa) are found unitedly. But Viṣvanātha rejects such a view
and tries to establish that conjuction or commixture of figures pro-
duces a special kind of poetic charm in many cases, which cannot
be produced by any single figure.
eg 1. Conjuction of Utprekṣā and Upamā :
limpatīva tamo'ngāni / varṣatīvāñjanam nabhaḥ.
asat-puruşa - seveva / dṛṣtir viphalatām gatā.
177
लिम्पतीव तमोऽङ्गानि / वर्षतीवाञ्जतं नभः ।
असत्पुरुषसेवेव / दृष्टिर्विफलतां गता ॥
Darkness is coating the limbs, as if,
The sky is downpouring collyrium, as if,
Like servitude unto the undignified master
Eye-sight comes in vain for the on-looker.
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Digitized by
Original from
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
(ii) Combination of the figures of sense,
(iii) Combination of both
Samkara is a commixture of two or more figures having a rela-
tion of principal and subordinate status. Here we find one figure
co-existing with another while giving itself a secondary position.
But in such case, one alamkāra is not getting prominence over the
other but both of them become mutually acceptable. According to
Mammaţa another variety of Samkara occures where several
alamkāras co-exist in one verse or passage but they are not inter-
dependent and, moreover, one of them may be preferably
acknowledged but none can be accepted with certainty at the cost
of the other. The mutual relation of figures is here compared to
the mixture of milk-and-water (kṣira-nira).
Older rhetoricians do not approve separate entity of these two
but recognise them as a single alamkāra. Šobhākara does not admit
either Samsrsti or Samkara as a separate figure and argues that in
many places figures of sound and sense both exist together. In case
of figures like Rasavat, other figures are sure to occur since in all
sorts of poetic expression there must be some human sentiment or
feeling. Therefore, Sobhākara maintains that no alamkāra can exist
singularly and some figures (like Anuprāsa and Yamaka, Rūpaka
and Ślesa) are found unitedly. But Viṣvanātha rejects such a view
and tries to establish that conjuction or commixture of figures pro-
duces a special kind of poetic charm in many cases, which cannot
be produced by any single figure.
eg 1. Conjuction of Utprekṣā and Upamā :
limpatīva tamo'ngāni / varṣatīvāñjanam nabhaḥ.
asat-puruşa - seveva / dṛṣtir viphalatām gatā.
177
लिम्पतीव तमोऽङ्गानि / वर्षतीवाञ्जतं नभः ।
असत्पुरुषसेवेव / दृष्टिर्विफलतां गता ॥
Darkness is coating the limbs, as if,
The sky is downpouring collyrium, as if,
Like servitude unto the undignified master
Eye-sight comes in vain for the on-looker.
Digitized by
Original from
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN