Handbook of Classical Sanskrit Rhetoric /19

Introduction
 
viii) different kinds of literary style of diction (ie riti or marga
īti or mārga
-- mainly two varieties called vaidarbhiī and gauḍī along with other

minor ones); styles are chiefly concerned with poetic qualities (ie
gun
guṇas distinguished as śleșa, prasāda, samatā, mādhurya, sukumāratā,

arthavyakti, udāratā, ojaḥ, kānti and samaādhi),
 

 
ix) literary blemishes (kāvyadoṣa) like ambiguity, obscenity, ver-

bosity, lack of lucidity, harshness of sounds, abstruseness etc,
 
vii
 
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x) dramaturgy (ie dṛśya-kāvya or rūpaka or nātya) - different

forms and varieties of drama, stage-performance, structure of dra-

matic composition; music, dance and mime related with histrionic
 

art etc.
 

 
Alamṃkāra (ie the figure of speech) is one of the fundamental

topics of Sanskrit poetics which derives its name as alamṃkāra-śāstra

(ie art poetica) from the same term that signifies this special disci-

pline as well as denotes more than hundred alamṃkāras defined,

commented and illustrated by more than thirty rhetoricians in

their respective works. Literature or sahitya plainly means an
āhitya plainly means an
appropriate combination of word and meaning which consitute

the body and soul of poetry. A poet creates poetry as an artist cre-

ates a piece of art or a painter draws a picture, and in all such cre-

ations an organic completeness and uniformity has to be achieved

because the beauty of art lies in it. Outward form of poetry is

refinement of expression; but this is not a mechanical or artificial

arrangement of word and meaning or sound and sense, but an

artistic representation along with aesthetic contemplation.
 

 
Poetry is not merely a combination of appropriate word with

agreeble meaning; it is, so to say, a revelation from the divine man

(ṛṣi), an expression of the most wise (maniīṣiī) the poet, the prophet,
 

the saint.
 
Digitized by
 

 
Figures play a vitally important role on sound- structure, mean-
 
Figures play a
ing of word, phrase or sentence, form of expression, situations of
context, moods of the speaker and what not. According to the mas-
ters of Sanskrit rhetoric, a poet is an idealist, a philosopher, a
critic, and moreovitally important role on sounder he is a grammarian, a phonetician, a rhetori-structure, mean
cian, a word-
ing of word, phrase or sentence, form of master and a language-expression, situations of
context, moods of the speaker and what noert. According to the mas-
ters of Sanskrit rhetoric, a poet is an idealist, a philosopher, a
critic, and moreover he is a grammarian, a phonetician, a rhetori-
cian, a word-master and a language-expert. Therefore, a poet
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN