Handbook of Classical Sanskrit Rhetoric /178

122
 
A Handbook of Classical Sanskrit Rhetoric
 
fanciful error or illusion by which one thing is mistakenly recog-

nised as another due to close similarity between the two, but

Bhāvika arouses no such false analogy regarding any past or future

event or character. In Atiśayokti (Hyperbole), one thing is completely

enveloped by another which is totally identical with it. One variety

of Utprekṣā implies a suggested sense in addition to the primary

one, but Bhāvika does not suggest any special implication. The fig-

ure Kaāvyalinga (Poetical Cause) may seem somehow identical with

Bhāvika, but the difference between the two lies in the fact that the

conception of causal relation is absent in Bhāvika and moreover it

creates an atmosphere of pseudo-reality which is in no way con-

cerned with Kaāvyalinga.
 

 
Visśvanātha raised another point by arguing that the present fig-
ure is different from what is known as adbhutarasa or the poetic

ure is different from what is known as adbhutarasa or the poetic
sentiment called wonder. In his opinion, the past or the future
appearing as real must be strikingly attractive to the reader and

appearing as real must be strikingly attractive to the reader and
therefore, Bhāvika may be confused with wonder. But he asserts that
the scope of this figure is limited in comparison to that of guna or

the scope of this figure is limited in comparison to that of guṇa or
adbhuta rasa. Bhāmaha remarks that Bhāvika may appear to be

identical with Svabhāvokti which gives minute description of the

nature of things. But these two are quite different. According to

Mammaţṭa Bhaāvika is to be included in Sūkṣma.
 

 
eg 1. aham vilokaye'dyāpi yudhyante' ṃ vilokayeʼdyāpi yudhyanteʼtra surāsurāḥ.

 
अहं विलोकयेऽद्यापि युध्यन्तेऽत्र सुरासुराः ।
 

 
I behold gods and demons here

Fighting even today in war.
 

 
2. āsīd añjanam atreti paśyāmi tava locane.

 
bhāvi-bhūśṣaṇa-sambhārāmṃ sākṣāt-kurve tavākṛtim.

 
आसीदञ्जनमत्रेति पश्यामि तव लोचने ।

भाविमूभूषणसम्भारां साक्षात्कुर्वे तवाकृतिम् ॥
 

 
I behold (even today) those eyes of thine,

Which bear collyrium marks therein.

I perceive thy handsome figure

With ornaments to be worn in future.
 
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN