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106
A Handbook of Classical Sanskrit Rhetoric
तं परिणामं द्विविधं कथयन्त्यारोप्यमाणरूपतया ।
परिणमति यत्र विषयः प्रस्तुतकार्योपयोगाय ॥ ए. ८१७
आरोप्यमाणमारोपविषयात्मतया स्थितम् ।
प्रकृतस्योपयोगित्वात् परिणाम उदाहृतः । प य ३७७
विषयात्मतयारोप्ये प्रकृतार्थोपयोगिनि ।
परिणामो भवेत् ॥ सा. १०
आरोप्यमाणस्य प्रकृतोपयोगित्वे परिणामः । चि.
परिणाम: कियार्थश्चेद् विषयी विषयात्मना । कु. ६.२१
विषयी यत्र विषयात्मतयैव प्रकृते प्रकृतोपयोगी न स्वातन्त्र्येण स परिणामः । र. २
ufi Parisamkhyā : Exclusive Specification:
The word parisamkhyā (pari sam √khyā a<ach ā <tap) literally means
enumeration, totality, exclusion, limitation etc. Here the prefix pari
denotes exclusion, and samkhyā means enumeration or limitation. In
the science of rhetoric, Parisankhyā is a figure where, with or with-
out query, something is positively asserted for the denial,
expressed or implied, of something similar to it.
In Mimāmsā philosophy and Dharmaśāstraṣ, parīsamkhyā is a tech-
nical term. Three terms are closely related there. These are vidhi,
niyama and parisankhyā. Vidhi gives pure injunction about something,
which is not known from any other source; niyama is a rule or precept
that specifies something which would be optional in case any specific
rule is absent; parisamkhyā is restriction to one out of many expressly
mentioned. In Mīmāmsā, parisamkhya denotes specific exclusion or
limitation to that which is enumerated or expressly mentioned, so
that everything else is excluded. So it is ultimately opposed to vidhi
that sets some injunction or rule for the first time, and also to niyama
that gives restriction to the choice for an alternative.
In the figure Parisamkhyā, special mention of the thing asserted
at the exclusion of such similar things may or may not be preceded
by a question, and the thing or things to be excluded may be
explicitly stated or implied. Parisaṇkhyā as a figure gives special
charm to the diction. In Sanskrit poetry, this figure has created
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Original from
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
A Handbook of Classical Sanskrit Rhetoric
तं परिणामं द्विविधं कथयन्त्यारोप्यमाणरूपतया ।
परिणमति यत्र विषयः प्रस्तुतकार्योपयोगाय ॥ ए. ८१७
आरोप्यमाणमारोपविषयात्मतया स्थितम् ।
प्रकृतस्योपयोगित्वात् परिणाम उदाहृतः । प य ३७७
विषयात्मतयारोप्ये प्रकृतार्थोपयोगिनि ।
परिणामो भवेत् ॥ सा. १०
आरोप्यमाणस्य प्रकृतोपयोगित्वे परिणामः । चि.
परिणाम: कियार्थश्चेद् विषयी विषयात्मना । कु. ६.२१
विषयी यत्र विषयात्मतयैव प्रकृते प्रकृतोपयोगी न स्वातन्त्र्येण स परिणामः । र. २
ufi Parisamkhyā : Exclusive Specification:
The word parisamkhyā (pari sam √khyā a<ach ā <tap) literally means
enumeration, totality, exclusion, limitation etc. Here the prefix pari
denotes exclusion, and samkhyā means enumeration or limitation. In
the science of rhetoric, Parisankhyā is a figure where, with or with-
out query, something is positively asserted for the denial,
expressed or implied, of something similar to it.
In Mimāmsā philosophy and Dharmaśāstraṣ, parīsamkhyā is a tech-
nical term. Three terms are closely related there. These are vidhi,
niyama and parisankhyā. Vidhi gives pure injunction about something,
which is not known from any other source; niyama is a rule or precept
that specifies something which would be optional in case any specific
rule is absent; parisamkhyā is restriction to one out of many expressly
mentioned. In Mīmāmsā, parisamkhya denotes specific exclusion or
limitation to that which is enumerated or expressly mentioned, so
that everything else is excluded. So it is ultimately opposed to vidhi
that sets some injunction or rule for the first time, and also to niyama
that gives restriction to the choice for an alternative.
In the figure Parisamkhyā, special mention of the thing asserted
at the exclusion of such similar things may or may not be preceded
by a question, and the thing or things to be excluded may be
explicitly stated or implied. Parisaṇkhyā as a figure gives special
charm to the diction. In Sanskrit poetry, this figure has created
Digitized by
Original from
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN