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GLOSSARY
 
nāmântarita, 'of another name': (1) a conundrum whose solution is
effected by understanding that the statement in fact implies a name
and not the subject apparently intended. (2) D 3.102 (116). (3)
ādau rājéty adhīrākṣi pārthivaḥ ko'pi gīyate । sanâtanaś ca naîvâsau
rājā nápi sanātanaḥ (Daṇḍin; answer: the tree ījātana, i.e., rājā
accompanied by [sa] absence of [na] non- [a] posterity [tana]. This
tree is neither a king nor eternal [sanātanaḥ]: "There is a certain
earth-lord, called a 'king' at first, who is eternal; but he is neither a
king nor eternal"). (4) "What word is that to which if you add a
syllable you will make it shorter?" (Robert Merry; answer: the word
"short"). (5) In effect, the conundrum is here the obfuscation of a
name. It differs from parusa prahelika in that the statement of the
conundrum conceals the name itself, which is then put in quotes,
rather than simply concealing another possible interpretation (usually
etymological) of the name.
 
nibhṛta, "hidden': (1) a conundrum whose solution is hidden by a sequence
of descriptive qualifications, each of which involves a parallelism of
attribute between the hidden subject and the apparent meaning of
the statement. (2) D 3.102 (117). (3) hrtadravyam naram tyaktvä
dhanavantam vrajanti kāḥ । nānābhañgisamākṛṣṭalokā veśyā na
durdharāḥ (Daṇḍin; here the prostitutes are to be taken as "rivers",
the penniless man as "mined mountains", the rich man as "the sea"
(as the repository of jewels), the coquetry as "ripples", and so on.
Instead of reading "what prostitute is not difficult to support?"
the phrase now reads "what rivers are not to be bathed in [veśyā]?"
The translation is: "Which prostitutes are not difficult to put up with,
to whom men are attracted by various artifices and who abandon a
man when they have taken his money in favor of one who has
money?"). (4) "What is that which, supposing its greatest breadth
to be four inches, length nine inches, and depth three inches, con-
tains a solid foot?" (Robert Merry; answer: a shoe). (5) This
conundrum differs from samānarūpa only grammatically: the latter
should involve a similarity of form (nominal comparability), the
former a similarity of qualification (adjectival comparability).
pariharikā, 'avoiding': (1) a conundrum whose solution is effected by
interpreting a series of words, in secondary senses, in such a way
that each succeeding one refers to the preceding secondary sense.
(2) D 3.104 (120). (3) vijitâtmabhavadveṣigurupādahato janaḥ ।
himapahamitradharair vyāptam vyomábhinandati (Dandin: "vind
[inst.] garudena jita indras tasyâtmabhavaḥ putraḥ arjunas tasya