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both resemble your face"). (4) "She stood breast-high among the
corn, / Clasp'd by the golden light of morn, / Like the sweetheart of
the sun, Who many a glowing kiss had won" (Thomas Hood).
(5) This figure illustrates the definition of the upamāna (object of
comparison) as "that term in which the property resides to a higher
degree"; by drawing a comparison with an exalted object, the subject
necessarily participates in its elevation. Cf. ninda, which can also
praise the subject through irony. Prašamsā is the same as stuti.
bahu, 'many': (1) an upamă in which a number of different objects are
mentioned. (2) D 2.40, AP 344.14. (3) candanôdakacandrâmśucan-
drakāntâdisītalaḥ । sparśas tava (Dandin: "Your touch is cool as
moonstone, as the fall of moonbeams, as sandal-water"). (4) "As
lightning, or a taper's light,/Thine eyes, and not thy noise, waked me"
(John Donne). (5) Bahu differs from utprekşita in that here there is no
effort to find the right object; from mālā II in that there the multitude
of objects manifests a multitude of properties, here there is but one
property.
GLOSSARY
bahveka, 'plural-singular': (1) an upama in which the subject is singular
and the object plural. (2) NS 16.42 (44). (3) śyenabarhiṇabhāsānām
tulyârthaḥ [sa kaścit] (Bharata: "He is like eagles, peacocks, and
hawks"). (4) "Behold a critic, pitched like the castrati" (Theodore
Roethke). (5) See the note on ekabahu. An example of comparing
plural with plural is: ". elegant shoppers wrapped like dainty
bears" (Edgell Rickword). Bharata, not an accomplished classifier,
neglects the possibilities offered by the Sanskrit dual.
mālā (I), 'garland': (1) an upama in which a series of comparisons are
given which not only involve the same similitude, but in which a
qualification of that similitude becomes the subject of the following
simile. (2) D 2.42. (3) pūṣṇy ātapa ivâhnîva pūṣā vyomniva vāsaraḥ ।
vikramas tvayy adhāl lakṣmīm (Daṇḍin: "Victory founded its good
fortune on you, just as the heat did in the sun, the sun did in the day,
and the day did in the sky"). (4) "He moves among men as most
men move among things" (Bernard Shaw). (5) This type of mālā
differs from the following in that there but one similitude is stated.
It differs from rasand in that the architectonic moves from substratum
to manifestation rather than from subject of comparison to object
of comparison. Cf. asambhävita.
mālā (II): (1) an upama in which one subject is compared to several objects
through one or several properties. (2) AP 344.15, R 8.25 (26), M 134.
(3) śyāmālatêva tanvi candrakalêvâtinirmalā să me । hamsiva kalálāpā
both resemble your face"). (4) "She stood breast-high among the
corn, / Clasp'd by the golden light of morn, / Like the sweetheart of
the sun, Who many a glowing kiss had won" (Thomas Hood).
(5) This figure illustrates the definition of the upamāna (object of
comparison) as "that term in which the property resides to a higher
degree"; by drawing a comparison with an exalted object, the subject
necessarily participates in its elevation. Cf. ninda, which can also
praise the subject through irony. Prašamsā is the same as stuti.
bahu, 'many': (1) an upamă in which a number of different objects are
mentioned. (2) D 2.40, AP 344.14. (3) candanôdakacandrâmśucan-
drakāntâdisītalaḥ । sparśas tava (Dandin: "Your touch is cool as
moonstone, as the fall of moonbeams, as sandal-water"). (4) "As
lightning, or a taper's light,/Thine eyes, and not thy noise, waked me"
(John Donne). (5) Bahu differs from utprekşita in that here there is no
effort to find the right object; from mālā II in that there the multitude
of objects manifests a multitude of properties, here there is but one
property.
GLOSSARY
bahveka, 'plural-singular': (1) an upama in which the subject is singular
and the object plural. (2) NS 16.42 (44). (3) śyenabarhiṇabhāsānām
tulyârthaḥ [sa kaścit] (Bharata: "He is like eagles, peacocks, and
hawks"). (4) "Behold a critic, pitched like the castrati" (Theodore
Roethke). (5) See the note on ekabahu. An example of comparing
plural with plural is: ". elegant shoppers wrapped like dainty
bears" (Edgell Rickword). Bharata, not an accomplished classifier,
neglects the possibilities offered by the Sanskrit dual.
mālā (I), 'garland': (1) an upama in which a series of comparisons are
given which not only involve the same similitude, but in which a
qualification of that similitude becomes the subject of the following
simile. (2) D 2.42. (3) pūṣṇy ātapa ivâhnîva pūṣā vyomniva vāsaraḥ ।
vikramas tvayy adhāl lakṣmīm (Daṇḍin: "Victory founded its good
fortune on you, just as the heat did in the sun, the sun did in the day,
and the day did in the sky"). (4) "He moves among men as most
men move among things" (Bernard Shaw). (5) This type of mālā
differs from the following in that there but one similitude is stated.
It differs from rasand in that the architectonic moves from substratum
to manifestation rather than from subject of comparison to object
of comparison. Cf. asambhävita.
mālā (II): (1) an upama in which one subject is compared to several objects
through one or several properties. (2) AP 344.15, R 8.25 (26), M 134.
(3) śyāmālatêva tanvi candrakalêvâtinirmalā să me । hamsiva kalálāpā