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22
 

 
CĀŅAKYA-RĀJA-NĪTI
 

 
considered as particularly useful for kings in order to

govern their kingdom properly and for the benefit of

their subjects. (It is worthwhile to compare these

maxims with the highly ethical ones found in the

chapter on king's duties, in particular the sub-division:

'main duties and qualities of the king '.)
 

 
The last sub-division of this chapter cites stanzas

dealing with various subject matters (155-65), in

particular the army, the fortress and the conduct of war..
 

 
The next chapter entitled 'King's Officials' is very

characteristic of the Artha- and Nīti-sastra-s and is.

similar to the contents on the subject of Kautilya's.

Arthaśāstra, Kamandaki's Nītisära, etc.
 

 
The first two sub-divisions deal in general with

service in the king's court from the point of view of

the king's officials (166-81) and of the king (182-95).¹
 

 
The next sub-division contains maxims, or more

properly said Arthaśāstra-rules, about king's officials,.

their testing, their qualities (196-215) and their dis-

charge (216-18).
 

 
The last sub-division in this chapter quotes maxims,.

or better to say Arthaśāstra-rules, dealing with the

highest officials and ministers of the king; their quali-

fications and duties; this part (219-36) could be rightly

considered as an Arthaśāstra treatise on the king's.
 

 
1 Some of them are of a general nature such as the relation-

ship between the master and the servant. Several maxims could.

be added to these sub-divisions; only the most representative have

been included.