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21
 
In the sub-division 'good and bad king' (19-25),
maxims dealing in general terms with a good and a
bad king are included.
 
INTRODUCTION
 
The following five sub-divisions cite maxims deal-
ing with particular duties of the king, namely govern-
ing the kingdom with justice (26-33), protection of
the king's subjects (34-42), collection of the treasure
in a legal manner (43-74), respect for knowledge and
learning (75-80),¹ and other less important duties of
the king (81-98).
 
In the next two sub-divisions maxims dealing with
governing the kingdom (99-106), in particular
by
danda and the reasons for non-inhabitation of, or for
leaving, a kingdom which is devoid of essential living
conditions (107-16) are included.
 
In the next chapter, the first sub-division, maxims
dealing in general with the characteristics of friends
and enemies, and advice not to trust even the smallest
and the seemingly unimportant enemy (117-28) ²
are incorporated.
 
2
 
Maxims dealing with the use of ruse and stratagem
by the king (129-54) are placed in the second sub-
division of this chapter; these maxims are typical of
the so-called Kautilyanism, or Machiavellism; many of
these maxims are of a general character, but are
 
1 This sub-division could be enlarged, since many maxims
-connected with this subject exist.
 
2 This division could also be enlarged; many maxims deal
with friends in particular.