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Political Concepts in Ancient India / 191 Image 191 of 214 (Page 191)

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(4) The term Samāhartā corresponds to the term
Bhāgadhuk (q.v.) of the list of Ratnīns (q.v.).

SAMITI-The greatest popular assembly of the
Vedic age. The Samiti was the gathering of the
whole race or of the heads of all the families.
Its main function was to elect the King. A
King could remain in office only so long as he
could be agreeable to the Samiti. Cf. dhruvāya te samitiḥ kalpatāmiha (Atharvaveda, 6.88.3)
(Let you definitely remain the choice of the Samiti).
In a cele-
brated hymn of the Ṛgveda there is a prayer for
'a common Samiti' and 'a common policy of
State'. Cf. samāno mantraḥ samitiḥ samānī (Rgveda X. 191.3). Hence, we may gather that the Samiti used to deliberate on policy matters also. In the
Atharvaveda, Samiti is described as the sister
of Sabhā (q.v.). See Basham, The Wonder that was India, P. 33 and Jayas-
wal, Hindu Polity, pp. 12 f.

SAṀUDAYA--Properly received royal income
from various sources of income (AŚ II.6, II. 8).

SAṀGRAHAṆA--An administrative circle consist-
ing of ten villages. Each Saṁgrahaṇa was to be
under an administrative officer called Gopa.
(AŚ II.1).

SAṀGRAHITĀ--(1) The royal Treasurer. As such
he is one of the eleven Ratnīns (q.v.).
(2) In time of Kauṭilya, this high officer came
to be called Sannidhātā (q.v.).

SAṀGHA--(1) =Gaṇa, a tribal republic.
(2) That Saṁgha is a synonym of Gaṇa is evi-

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