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Political Concepts in Ancient India / 142 Image 142 of 214 (Page 142)

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(2) The term also occurs in the Thirteenth Rock
Edict of Aśoka (Shahbazgarhi version), line
10. Cf. 'bhoja-pitinikeṣu'...., Sircar, Select Inscriptions, p. 36.
(3) =Bhojaka, a term which occurs also in the
Hāthigumpha Inscription of Khāravela, line
6. Cf. sava raṭhika-bhojake pade baṁdāpayati.
D. C. Sircar takes the meaning of this term
to be "Jāgirdār". Sircar, Select Inscriptions, p. 220. n. 1. Altekar also takes
the meaning of Bhoja as 'feudal lord' (vide SGAI, p. 37).

BHAUJYA--(1) As explained by Jayaswal, it is a
peculiar type of government headed by a num-
ber of Kings (rājānaḥ), who after being anointed
used to be called Bhojas, as noticed in the Aita-
reya Brāhmaṇa, VIII. 14. Jayaswal, Hindu Polity, p. 75. But such a meaning is not
convincing. See note under Svārājya,
(2) Sāyaṇa, while commenting on Aitareya
Brāhmaṇa VIII. 14 ff., gives the meaning as
'enjoyment and prosperity'. A. B. Keith, in the
same contexts, renders the term as 'self-rule'. See Basu, IAB, p. 87.
(3) The king enjoying the status of Bhaujya
used to be called a Bhoja. The term Bhoja seems
to have been used to imply a higher degree of
supremacy of the king to whom it was applied
as an epithet. Cf. rājā bhojo virāṭ samrāṭ
kṣatriyo bhūpatir nṛpaḥ ya ebhiḥ stūyate śabdaiḥ
kastaṁ nārcitumarhati. (Mahābhārata, Śānti
Parva, 68. 54).

Bhaujya as a republic is not convincing (See notes under
Svārājya). Hence, the term Bhaujya should better be rendered
as 'self-rule' and Bhoja as an 'independent ruler'.

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