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Glossary of Indian Figures of Speech / 151 Image 151 of 348 (Page 151)

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GLOSSARY

149

(2) D 2.18. (3) tavânanam ivâmbhojam ambhojam iva te mukham
(Daṇḍin: "Your face is like a lotus; the lotus is like your face").
(4) "She walks in beauty, like the night / Of cloudless climes and
starry skies; / And all that's best of dark and bright / Meet in her
aspect and her eyes" (Byron). (5) Anyonya is the same as upameyő-
pamā of Bhāmaha, Vāmana, Udbhata, and Mammața; as paraspa-
ropamā of the Agni Purāņa; as ubhayopamā of Rudrata.

abbūta, 'not happened': (1) an upama in which the object of comparison
is a hypothetical universal and is, strictly speaking, nonexistent.
(2) D 2.38. (3) sarvapadmaprabhāsāraḥ samāhrta iva kvacit /
tvadānanam vibhāti (Daṇḍin: "Like the distilled essence of every
lotus' beauty, your face is lovely"). (4) "I am thinking of him-
loosely I admit-very much as some political cartoonist might think
of a generalized and consolidated figure that turns a deaf ear to the
Bolshevist and his sinister whisperings ..." (Oliver Onions). (5) The
idea is that the object is never exposed to the pettiness of mere
experience, yet it can be expressed as an extrapolation on experience.
The subject is thus, a fortiori, elevated above the mundane. In
adbhuta, there is a transfer of property from subject to object; here
the object is impossible in its own terms. In utpāďya, the object
is hypothetical, but not generalized.

asambhava, impossibility": (1) an upama in which an incongruous

property, in fact belonging to the subject, is predicated of the object
of comparison. (2) V 4.2.20. (3) cakästi vadane tasyāḥ smitacchāyā
vikäsinaḥ/unnidrasyâravindas ya madhye mugdhêva candrikā (Vāmana:
"A smile appears on her bright face like pure moonlight among
sleepless lotuses"). (4) "Holt was constantly attentive: the Admiral's
flag-lieutenant hung over her like a decorated cliff" (Nicholas
Monsarrat). (5) Asambhava differs from asambhāvita only in being
stated positively, and from adbhuta in being stated as a proposition.
asambhāvita, 'impossible': (1) an upamā in which the subject of comparison

is, strictly speaking, nonexistent; that is, the common property
proposed is incongruous or unlikely. (2) D 2.39. (3) candrabimbäd
iva vişam candanād iva pāvakaḥ । parușā vāg ito vakträt (Daṇḍin:
"A harsh word from her mouth would be like poison from the moon's
disc or fire from sandal-paste"). (4) "There's that Bessy Cranage-
she'll be flauntin' i' new finery three weeks after you're gone, I'll
be bound: she'll no more go on in her new ways without you, than
a dog 'ull stand on its hind-legs when there's nobody looking""
(George Eliot). (5) This is ironical comparison, for two things are

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